墨西哥超深水盐下钻井技术及实践  

Ultra deepwater pre-salt drilling technologies and their practices in Mexico

作　　者：何保生 张钦岳 冷雪霜 HE Baosheng;ZHANG Qinyue;LENG Xueshuang(CNOOC International Limited.,Beijing 100028,China;CNOOC EnerTech-Drilling&Production Co.,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518607,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋石油国际有限公司,北京100028 [2]中海油能源发展股份有限公司工程技术分公司,广东深圳518607

出　　处：《中国海上油气》2021年第6期101-109,共9页China Offshore Oil and Gas

摘　　要：墨西哥湾深水盐下油气藏钻探难度大、套管层次复杂、井下复杂状况多,给深水钻井带来很大挑战。针对墨西哥某超深水盐下勘探项目地质模型不确定、安全密度窗口窄、地层严重漏失等难点,研究应用了Pump&Dump技术(动态压井技术)、氮气泡沫固井技术、随钻地震技术、MPD精细控压钻井技术、下套管自动灌浆兼激动压力控制技术、可旋转式尾管挂技术以及一次性长效弃井等盐下钻井技术,攻克了在双盐层盐下构造中安全密度窗口窄、盐下地质变化大、压力情况复杂、井控与漏失风险高、作业工期长等难题,提高了双盐层盐下构造的钻探效率。上述钻井技术在墨西哥湾深水盐下构造钻探中的成功实践,可为有效应对盐下复杂情况、提高盐下油气藏钻探效率,以及其他类似超深水盐下构造钻探作业提供借鉴。The difficult drilling of deep-water pre-salt reservoirs,complex casing programs and multifarious borehole problems bring great challenges to deep-water drilling in the Gulf of Mexico.Aiming at the difficulties of uncertain geological model,narrow safety density window and severe formation fluid loss in an ultra deepwater pre-salt exploration project in Mexico,the pre-salt drilling technologies such as Pump & Dump(dynamic killing technique),nitrogen foamed cementing,seismic while drilling,precise MPD(managed pressure drilling),automatic running-casing grouting and exciting pressure control,rotary liner hanging and disposable long-term well abandoning technologies are studied and applied.With these technologies,the problems such as narrow safety density window,large geological changes,complex pressure conditions,high risks of well control and leakage and long operation period in double salt beds pre-salt structure have been solved,and the drilling efficiency of double salt beds pre-salt structure has been improved.The successful practices of the above drilling technologies in deep-water pre-salt structure drilling in the Gulf of Mexico can provide reference for effectively dealing with complex pre-salt situations,improving drilling efficiency of pre-salt reservoirs,and other similar ultra deepwater pre-salt structure drilling operations.

关 键 词：墨西哥湾 超深水 盐下钻井技术 窄窗口 双盐层 盐下构造 

分 类 号：TE242[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]