土壤不同消毒方式对百合根际真菌群落的影响  

Effects of Disinfection Treatments on Fungal Community in Rhizosphere Soil of Lilium ‘Conca d’Or’

作　　者：方少忠[1] 郭文杰[1] 郑益平[1] 张洁[1] 杨成龙[1] 黄永旺 林智敏[1] FANG Shaozhong;GUO Wenjie;ZHENG Yiping;ZHANG Jie;YANG Chenglong;HUANG Yongwang;LIN Zhimin(Horticultural Biotechnology Laboratory,Institute of Biotechnology,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350003,China;Agricultural Technology Station of Daheng Town Government,Yanping District,Nanping,Fujian 354200,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院生物技术研究所,福建福州350003 [2]福建省南平市延平区大横镇政府农技站,福建南平354200

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2021年第10期1217-1223,共7页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省科技计划公益类专项(2019R1027-10)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过土壤理化消毒处理,抑制有害菌落的滋长,改善百合生长期间根际土壤真菌群落生态,为解决百合连作障碍提供理论依据。【方法】以百合根际土壤为试验材料,应用热水、棉隆和乙醇进行土壤预处理,基于llumina MiSeq测序平台,研究百合重茬地的根际土壤真菌群落结构和丰度的变化趋势。【结果】热水处理对幼苗期百合的生长最优,棉隆处理对生长起延缓作用。从4份土壤样本中获得472 440条ITS序列,在97%序列相似性基础上可划分为410个可操作分类单元(OTU)。不同处理的真菌种类和相对丰度随着百合生长发育过程呈现不同变化规律,子囊菌门均为最优势菌群,热水和棉隆处理对病原菌(根腐菌和青霉菌)效果最为明显。丰度聚类分析结果,3个发育阶段过程中优势菌群变化较大,群落结构与CK差异显著。【结论】热水和棉隆处理均能有效改善百合根际土壤真菌群落结构,棉隆属于一种土壤化学处理高效途径,处理后菌群变化较大,前期抑制强,应在处理土壤后增施有益菌,可获得理想应用效果。【Objective】 Physical and chemical means of disinfection were applied on soil to determine the effects on the fungal community in the rhizosphere as well as the growth of Lilium ‘Conca d’Or’ under continuous cropping.【Methods】 The rhizosphere soil was disinfected with hot water, dazomet, or alcohol. Illumina Miseq sequencing was employed to determine the structure and abundance of the rhizosphere fungal community before and after the treatments. Effect of the treatments on the growth of Lilium seedlings was observed.【Result】 The hot water treatment was best for the growth of Lilium seedlings,while dazomet delayed it. A total of 472,440 ITS sequences were obtained from the 3 treatment and one control samples. They were divided into 410 operational taxa(OTUs) at a 97% similarity. The species and relative abundance of fungi in the soils varied among the samples and changed during the growth and development of the plants. Ascomycete was the most dominant flora in all samples. Both treatments of hot water and dazomet exerted the most significant effects on pathogens such as root fungus and penicillium. As indicated by the abundance cluster analysis, flora dominance altered significantly in 3 development stages, and the community structure in the treatment soils differed significantly from control.【Conclusion】 Disinfection by either hot water or dazomet could effectively improve the fungal community structure in the Lilium rhizosphere soil. Dazomet was an effective chemical disinfectant which significantly inhibited fungal growth in general at the early stage after theapplication. Therefore, to maximize the desired final result it was highly recommended that beneficial bacteria be added following the disinfecting treatment.

关 键 词：百合 连作障碍 根际微生物 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺]