一株溶磷真菌的鉴定及其促生特性研究  

Identification and Growth-promoting Effect of a Phosphate-solubilizing Fungus on Wheat Seedlings

作　　者：李静[1] 艾加敏 余天飞 边丹 郑超超 郭旻皓 邓振山[1] LI Jing;AI Jiamin;YU Tianfei;BIAN Dan;ZHENG Chaochao;GUO Minhao;DENG Zhenshan(College of Life Sciences,Yan'an University,Yan’an,Shaanxi 716000,China;College of Life Science,Northwest University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710069,China)

机构地区：[1]延安大学生命科学学院,陕西延安716000 [2]西北大学生命科学学院,陕西西安710069

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2021年第10期1224-1230,共7页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32160003);陕西省县域重点科技项目(2018XY-14)。

摘　　要：【目的】从小麦田土壤中分离筛选出一株具有溶磷及促生特性的真菌菌株,为微生物肥料的开发与利用提供种质资源。【方法】本试验利用无机磷培养基从小麦田土壤中筛选得到一株具有较强溶磷能力的真菌菌株R3,通过形态学特征和ITS序列分析,对菌株进行分类学鉴定;采用液体培养测定菌株对Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)、 AlPO_(4)和FePO_(4)等3种不同磷源的溶解能力;并通过盆栽试验测定其对小麦的促生效应。【结果】经鉴定菌株R3归属于产红青霉(Penicillium rubens)。菌株R3在无机磷培养基上的溶磷圈直径D平均值为27.99 mm,菌落直径d平均值为19.26 mm, D/d为1.45。菌株R3对Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)和AlPO_(4)的溶解能力在第4天时最高,分别为328.79 mg·L^(-1)和95.99 mg·L^(-1);对FePO_(4)的溶解量在第5天时达到最高值,为75.39 mg·L^(-1)。菌株R3对不同磷源培养基pH的影响总体呈先下降后平稳的趋势。盆栽试验结果表明,与未接菌的对照组相比,接种R3菌液后小麦在株高、根长、鲜重和叶绿素含量方面分别提高了18.23%-35.65%、27.63%-50.44%、37.99%-50.94%和9.59%-19.57%。【结论】溶磷真菌R3对小麦生长有显著促进作用,可为进一步构建促生菌菌群提供良好的种质资源。【Objective】 A fungal strain with phosphate-solubilizing and growth promoting properties was isolated from the soil of a Triticum aestivum L. field to investigate its potential as a microbial fertilizer. 【Methods】 From the soil at a wheat field, a fungal strain, R3, exhibiting a strong phosphate-solubilizing ability on an inorganic phosphorus medium was isolated.Morphological observation and ITS sequence analysis were performed for taxonomic identification on the isolate. Ability of the isolate in solubilizing Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2), AlPO_(4), and FePO_(4)was determined in a liquid culture. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth-promoting effect of the isolate on T. aestivum seedlings. 【Result】 R3 was identified as Penicillium rubens. It produced an average diameter of phosphorus dissolving ring(D) of 27.99 mm, a colony diameter(d) of 19.26 mm,and D/d ratio at 1.45 on the inorganic phosphorus medium. The solubilization on Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)and AlPO_(4) by R3 peaked on the 4 th day of culture at 328.79 mg·L^(-1)and 95.99 mg·L^(-1), respectively, while that on FePO_(4)maxed on the 5 th day at 75.39 mg·L^(-1). The pH of phosphorous solubilization medium by R3 decreased initially and then stable. The pot experiment with wheat seedlings showed the incorporation of R3 in the medium increased the height, root length, fresh weight, and chlorophyll content of the seedlings by 18.23%–35.65%, 27.63%–50.44%, 37.99%–50.94%, and 9.59%–19.57%, respectively, over control. 【Conclusion】 The phosphorus-solubilizing R3 demonstrated a significant growth promoting effect on the wheat seedlings in a pot experiment. It could be a potential candidate as a microbial agent for farm fertilization.

关 键 词：青霉菌 溶磷能力 小麦 促生特性 

分 类 号：S182[农业科学—农业基础科学]