水稻抗倒伏性的影响因素及评价方法研究进展  

Advances on Studies Relating to Lodging Resistance of Rice Plant

作　　者：滕祥勇 王金明[1] 李鹏志[1] 林秀云[1] 孙强[1] TENG Xiangyong;WANG Jinming;LI Pengzhi;LIN Xiuyun;SUN Qiang(Institute of Rice Research,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Gongzhuling,Jilin 136100,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院水稻研究所,吉林公主岭136100

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2021年第10期1245-1254,共10页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20200402029NC);吉林省农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2021ZY009)。

摘　　要：为了解水稻(Oryza sativa L.)抗倒伏性的研究动态与现状,对近20年国内外相关文献报道进行整理、归纳与分析,从中总结出影响水稻抗倒伏性的遗传因素、调控措施,以及抗倒伏鉴定与评价方法。提出在抗倒伏育种中,应适当放宽对株高的限制,综合考虑穗部性状、茎秆基部物理强度、根系形态及株型等各方面因素,协调水稻植株抗倒伏能力与群体质量指标间的关系,采用常规杂交技术与分子生物技术相结合的方法培育新品种;同时,从健全配套栽培技术体系,确立统一的抗倒伏鉴定与评价标准,采用模型评价和无人机遥感技术建立数字化倒伏预警系统等方面,加强对水稻抗倒伏技术的研究与综合应用。Relevant literatures on the studies relating to the lodging resistance of rice(Oryza sativa L.) plant published in China and abroad in the past two decades were reviewed. This article summarizes the genetic factors and regulation mechanisms of the resistance, as well as the applicable methods for identifying and evaluating the property that closely affects rice production.Taking the interrelations between lodging resistance and other factors, such as panicle type, physical strength of stem at the base, root morphology, and plant type, into consideration, the conclusion can become rather complex. It was suggested, in preventing or mitigating permanent displacement of rice plant parts due to external effects, breeding new varieties to restrict plant height be applied conservatively. By using conventional cross breeding along with the newly available molecular biotechnology, varieties could be generated to simultaneously be lodging-resistant as well as highly desirable on other quality concerns. Meanwhile, perfecting the cultivation, standardizing the identification and evaluation protocols, and utilizing the techniques of modeling and UAV remote sensing to establish a digital lodging warning system in the field would help to accelerate the advancement on the management and improvement of lodging resistance of rice plants for an optimal production performance.

关 键 词：水稻 抗倒伏性 遗传因素 调控措施 评价方法 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]