神经胶质细胞与突触可塑性关系的研究进展  

Research progress on the relationship between glial cells and synaptic plasticity

作　　者：张宁 谢璐霜[2,3] 刘奇[1] 吕沛然 ZHANG Ning;XIE Lu-shuang;LIU Qi;LYU Pei-ran(Acupuncture and Tuina School,Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shaanxi 712046,China;Acupuncture and Tuina School,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;College of Basic Medicine,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine)

机构地区：[1]陕西中医药大学针灸推拿学院,712046 [2]成都中医药大学针灸推拿学院 [3]成都中医药大学基础医学院

出　　处：《天津医药》2021年第12期1340-1344,共5页Tianjin Medical Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(82074567)。

摘　　要：突触可塑性与神经系统的发育、损伤后修复等密切相关。神经胶质细胞通过能量物质传递、信号转导通信等方面与神经元保持密切交流,是促进突触可塑性的重要途径。星形胶质细胞在形态上和功能上均与突触联系密切,是调控突触可塑性的重要影响因素;小胶质细胞与突触进行双向信息交互,是发育和成年期突触可塑性的关键调节因子;少突胶质细胞参与髓鞘形成,为突触传递提供代谢底物,是促进突触可塑性的潜在力量。就星形胶质细胞、小胶质细胞以及少突胶质细胞与突触可塑性关系的相关研究进展进行综述,以期为深入认识神经胶质细胞与突触可塑性的相互关系提供参考。Synaptic plasticity is closely related to the development and repair after injury in the nervous system.Glial cells maintain close communication with neurons through energy transportation and signal transduction,which is an important way to promote synaptic plasticity.Astrocytes are closely related to synapses in morphology and function,and are an important factor in regulating synaptic plasticity.Microglia carry out two-way information interaction with synapses,which is a key regulator of synaptic plasticity during development and adulthood.Oligodendrocytes participate in the formation of myelin sheaths,provide metabolic substrates for synaptic transmission,which is a potential force to promote synaptic plasticity.This paper reviews the research progress on the relationship between astrocytes,microglia,oligodendrocytes and synaptic plasticity,in order to provide the reference for further understanding the relationship between glial cells and synaptic plasticity.

关 键 词：星形细胞 少突神经胶质 突触 小神经胶质细胞 神经元可塑性 

分 类 号：R338.1[医药卫生—人体生理学]