高频暴露催眠镇静药及阿片类镇痛药的流行病学特点  

Epidemiological Characteristics of Sedative-Hypnotics and Opioid Painkillers at High-Frequency Exposure

作　　者：白锐 谢冰 丛斌 马春玲 文迪 BAI Rui;XIE Bing;CONG Bin;MA Chun-ling;WEN Di(Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine,Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification,College of Forensic Medicine,Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang 050017,China)

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学法医学院,河北省法医学重点实验室,河北省法医分子鉴定协同创新中心,河北石家庄050017

出　　处：《法医学杂志》2021年第5期694-698,共5页Journal of Forensic Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFC0807204)。

摘　　要：药物中毒在医疗机构的接诊率较高且其后果较为严重,其流行病学特点也直接影响国家法律政策的变更以及地方管理政策的施行。我国对涉药非正常死亡案例的统计一般来源于司法鉴定中心和医疗单位,但由于工作内容及专业的限制导致信息管理形式存在差异,鉴定人员很难针对涉药案例进行专业的系统性分析。本文通过分析美国毒物控制中心的年度报告,并结合我国药物暴露特点,重点分析催眠镇静药、阿片类镇痛药的流行病学特点及其在中毒死亡案例中的暴露模式。Drug poisoning has a high incidence and serious consequences in medical institutions;its epidemiological characteristics also directly affect the changes in national laws and policies and the implementation of local management policies.Chinese statistics on drug-related abnormal death cases generally come from judicial appraisal centers and medical units.However,due to differences in work content and professional restrictions,there are differences in information management forms,which makes it difficult for appraisers to conduct a professional and systematic analysis of drug-related cases.This article focuses on the analysis of epidemiological characteristics of sedative-hypnotics and opioid painkillers and their exposure patterns in cases of poisoning death by analyzing the annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Center,combined with the characteristics of drug exposure in China.

关 键 词：法医毒理学 中毒 催眠镇静药 阿片类镇痛药 暴露 综述 

分 类 号：D919.1[医药卫生—法医学]