泥页岩地层绳索取心钻进钻头应用及优化设计研究  

Research on application and optimal design of wireline core drilling bits for mudstone and shale

作　　者：胡晨 闫家[3] 张恒春[3] 曹龙龙 王稳石[3] 王志刚[3] HU Chen;YAN Jia;ZHANG Hengchun;CAO Longlong;WANG Wenshi;WANG Zhigang(Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China;The Institute of Exploration Techniques,CAGS,Langfang Hebei 065000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院,北京100037 [2]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083 [3]中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《钻探工程》2021年第12期65-71,共7页Drilling Engineering

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目“皖赣地区页岩油气战略选区调查(中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所)”(编号:DD20201171);中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所科技项目“基于KT钻具的KM-216型密闭取心钻具及配套技术研究”(编号:YB202007);“大直径孕镶金刚石取心钻头制备工艺研究”(编号:YB202003);“孕镶金刚石取心钻头低成本生产关键技术研究”(编号:ZD202101);“高效定向取心钻具及配套技术研究”(编号:ZD202103)。

摘　　要：长江中下游地区页岩气调查井工程,采用绳索取心钻进工艺,钻遇地层多为泥质含量高的水敏性泥岩、软硬互层较为频繁的致密性地层。钻进过程中,金刚石钻头经常出现钻头泥包现象,在软硬夹层中PDC钻头崩齿导致钻头机械钻速和寿命受到严重影响。主要从钻头结构及钻井液性能方面系统分析了金刚石钻头泥包及PDC钻头崩齿的原因,分析认为,现场钻头应用过程中产生的上述问题与钻头唇面结构设计、钻头水路设计、钻头材料与表面状态、钻进规程参数及钻井液性能有着密切关系。通过对钻进工艺、地层岩性分析研究,对原有钻头进行了结构形式优化和改进设计,对钻进规程参数也进行了优化,现场应用结果表明:钻速明显提升,大大提高了泥岩段及夹层段的钻进效率。The research was supported by the shale gas survey well project in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,where wireline core drilling technology was used,and the formation encountered were mostly water‑sensitive mudstone formations with high shale content,and dense formation with frequent soft and hard interbeds.In order to solve the problems of that bit balling of diamond drill bits and teeth breaking of PDC bits in soft and hard interlayers,which seriously affects the drilling speed and life of the drill bit,the article systematically analyzes the causes of diamond bit balling and PDC teeth breaking from the aspects of the bit structure and drilling fluid performance with respect to the field application results.It is noted that the above‑mentioned problems arising from the field use of the drill bit are closely related to the design of the bit lip surface structure,the design of the bit waterway,the bit material and its surface condition,the drilling parameters and the performance of the drilling fluid.With examination of the drilling process and lithology,the structure was optimized and the design was improved of the existing drill bit,and the drilling parameters were also optimized.The results showed that the field drilling speed has been significantly increased,greatly improving the drilling efficiency over the mudstone section and the interlayer.

关 键 词：页岩气调查 绳索取心钻进 钻头泥包 钻头崩齿 钻进效率 结构优化 

分 类 号：P634.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]