金华地区浮游植物群落结构特征及其对水质的指示作用  

Phytoplankton Community Structure and Water Quality Assessment in the Jinhua Area

作　　者：郝雅宾[1] 贺文芳 练青平[1] 郭爱环[1] 张爱菊[1] 徐勇斌 李明 宓国强[1] 原居林[1] HAO Ya-bin;HE Wen-fang;LIAN Qing-ping;GUO Ai-huan;ZHANG Ai-ju;XU Yong-bin;LI Ming;MI Guo-qiang;YUAN Ju-lin(Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture,Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture genetic and breeding of Zhejiang Province,Huzhou 313001,P.R.China;Jinhua Fisheries Technology Extension Station,Jinhua 321000,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省淡水水产研究所,农业农村部淡水渔业健康养殖重点实验室,浙江省淡水水产遗传育种重点实验室,浙江湖州313001 [2]金华市水产技术推广站,浙江金华321000

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2021年第6期70-76,共7页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：浙江省农业农村厅财政专项。

摘　　要：研究金华地区不同水系浮游植物群落结构特征及其对水质的指示作用,为金华江流域的水生态保护与管理提供科学依据。2018年6月(夏季)、9月(秋季)和2019年1月(冬季)、4月(春季),对调查水域20个采样点的浮游植物进行调查分析。计算浮游植物群落多样性指数,进行聚类与非线性多维标序(NMDS)排序,并基于浮游植物细胞密度、Pielou均匀度指数以及Shannon-Wiener多样性指数对金华地区不同水系的水质进行评价。结果表明:(1)浮游植物调查有7门184种,其中硅藻(74种)和绿藻(63种)为主要成分,分别占总物种数的40.22%和34.24%,表现出硅藻+绿藻类型;时空差异明显,秋季种类较为丰富,各采样点种类丰富度不一;优势种组成存在季节性差异,以硅藻门居多,其中常见优势种有脆杆藻(Fragilaria sp.)、颗粒直链藻(Melosira granulata)、卵形隐藻(Cryptomonas ovata)和小球藻(Chlorella sp.);(2)浮游植物的年均细胞密度和年均生物量分别为(19.37±12.70)×10^(4)个/L和(0.30±0.19)mg/L;(3)浮游植物群落的Margalef丰富度指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Simpson多样性指数的全年变化范围分别为2.28-5.54、0.71-0.89、2.38-3.69和0.78-0.97。金华地区不同水系浮游植物群落受轻度干扰且处于稳定状态,且在时间变化上无显著差异(P>0.05);水质清洁至中度污染状态,水生态状况整体良好。In this study,a phytoplankton community investigation was carried out in the water sys⁃tems of the Jinhua area of Zhejiang Province,aiming to characterize the phytoplankton community structure and assess water quality based on phytoplankton cell density and biodiversity indices.Our study provides scientific evidence for ecological conservation and management of the Jinhua River ba⁃sin.In June(summer)and September(autumn)of 2018 and January(winter),April(spring)of 2019,seasonal phytoplankton surveys were conducted at 20 sampling points in the study area.Results show:(1)A total of 184 phytoplankton species from 7 phyla were recorded during the investigation,dominat⁃ed by Bacillariophyta(74 species)and Chlorophyta(63 species),accounting for 40.22%and 34.24%of the total species.The phytoplankton community in Jinhua River basin presented obvious spatial and temporal differences.The highest species richness occurred in autumn(121 species),followed by winter(112 species),summer(108 species)and spring(99 species).Spatially,species richness varied among sampling sites.Seasonal differences in dominant species was also evident,and the common dominant species included Fragilaria sp.,Melosira granulata,Cryptomonas ovata and Chlorella sp..(2)The an⁃nual average cell density and biomass of phytoplankton community were(19.37±12.70)×10^(4) ind/L and(0.30±0.19)mg/L.(3)The ranges of the Margalef richness index(D),Pielou evenness index(J′),Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H′)and Simpson diversity index(λ)were,respectively,2.28-5.54,0.71-0.89,2.38-3.69 and 0.78-0.97.The phytoplankton communities of different water systems in the Jinhua area were slightly disturbed but in a generally stable state,and there were no significant differences over time(P>0.05).The water quality of Jinhua River basin ranged from moderately polluted to clean and the overall status of the aquatic ecosystems was good.

关 键 词：金华地区 浮游植物 群落结构 水质 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]