基于点云数据的隧道曲面三维重建方法的研究  

Research on 3D Reconstruction Method of Tunnel Surface Based on Point Cloud Data

作　　者：李晋儒 宋成航 林景峰 Li Jinru;Song Chenghang;Lin Jingfeng(College of Geodesy and Geomatics,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学测绘与空间信息学院,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《城市勘测》2021年第6期90-94,99,共6页Urban Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)(2019JZZY010429)

摘　　要：针对三维激光点云具有数据量大、冗余性高的特点,本身带有一些散乱噪声的点云会影响曲面重建效果的问题,研究了基于隧道点云的曲面重建方法。首先将海量隧道点云的数据利用体素滤波进行处理,在保证隧道的真实特征不变的情况下对点云进行缩减;然后建立k-d树构建点云间的索引关系,对点云进行法向量估计,最后利用常用的点云曲面重建方法对隧道进行重建;通过比较发现选择合适的体素化网格能够有效地简化点云的数据量,当下采样为0.5 m时简化率达到97.8%,法向量估计及重建时间效率有所提高;最后利用PowerCrust算法重建出的隧道表面,在局部细节上的特征较为清晰,在模型表面的光滑性上和重建的效率上有一定的提高,效率要优于贪婪三角算法,同时比移动立方体的重建缩短了近一半的时间,在实际中具有一定的实用价值。Aiming at the problem that the 3D laser point cloud has the characteristics of large data volume and high redundancy,and the point cloud with some scattered noises will affect the surface reconstruction effect,the surface reconstruction method based on the tunnel point cloud is studied.First,the massive tunnel point cloud data is processed by voxel filtering,and the point cloud is reduced while ensuring that the real characteristics of the tunnel remain unchanged;then the k-d tree is established to construct the index relationship between the point clouds,and estimating the normal vector of the point clouds,and finally the tunnel is reconstructed using the commonly used point cloud surface reconstruction method.Through comparison,it is found that selecting a suitable voxelized grid can effectively simplify the data volume of the point cloud.When the downsampling is 0.5m,the simplification rate reaches 97.8%,and the normal vector estimation and reconstruction time efficiency are improved.Finally,the tunnel surface reconstructed by the PowerCrust algorithm has clearer features in the local details,and has a certain improvement in the smoothness of the model surface and the efficiency of reconstruction.The efficiency is better than the greedy triangle algorithm,and it is better than the moving cube.The reconstruction time has been shortened by nearly half,which has certain practical value in practice.

关 键 词：曲面重建 贪婪三角化 移动立方体算法 PowerCrust算法 

分 类 号：P225.2[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程] TP751.1[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]