电连接器微动腐蚀损伤行为与机理研究综述  

Review on the Behavior and Mechanism of Fretting Corrosion Damage of Electrical Connectors

作　　者：郁大照 刘琦 冯利军[3] 程贤斌 YU Da-zhao;LIU Qi;FENG Li-jun;CHENG Xian-bin(School of Basic Sciences for Aviation,Naval Aviation University,Yantai 264000,China;Unit 92279 of the PLA,Yantai 264000,China;Southwest Institute of Technology and Engineering,Chongqing 400039,China;Unit 92095 of the PLA,Taizhou 318000,China)

机构地区：[1]海军航空大学航空基础学院,山东烟台264000 [2]92279部队,山东烟台264000 [3]西南技术工程研究所,重庆400039 [4]92095部队,浙江台州318000

出　　处：《表面技术》2021年第12期233-245,共13页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51375490)。

摘　　要：电连接器在服役期间,其电接触界面很容易受到振动和微位移的影响,并在腐蚀气氛的作用下,产生微动腐蚀损伤。当接触电阻值(Electricalcontactresistance,ECR)超过一定阈值时,即判定为接触失效。人们对电接触微动腐蚀问题的认识过程是随着工业社会的发展和研究手段的进步而不断逐步深入的,因此从行为和机理两个方面综述了微动腐蚀研究的发展和现状。为了降低ECR,提高电接触的耐久性,研究人员围绕材料、镀层种类和厚度、接触力、振幅、频率、温度、相对湿度、气体氛围等因素对微动腐蚀的影响做了大量的试验和分析工作,介绍了其中比较活跃的研究团队以及他们的主要工作。分别详细介绍了Antler和Bryant描述的微动腐蚀模型,4种不同微动滑移状态的产生机制和微观形貌分析,进而对ECR产生的影响。由于电连接器受到振动应力、温度应力和电应力的综合作用,在内部接触件上发生电-热-机械多物理场耦合作用,故综述了材料性能与行为、接触条件和环境条件3个方面10个因素的影响作用。还归纳总结了应用于电接触微动腐蚀研究的主要方法,最后从多因素耦合作用、海洋环境影响和射频连接器应用3个角度探讨了未来研究的重点方向。During the service period of electrical connectors,the electrical contact interface is subjected to vibration and micro displacement easily,and under the action of corrosive atmosphere,fretting corrosion damage will occur.When the value of Electrical Contact Resistance(ECR) exceeds a certain threshold,it is determined to be a contact failure.With the development of industrial society and the progress of research methods,people’s understanding of electrical contact fretting corrosion has been gradually deepening.Therefore,the development and status of research on fretting corrosion from two aspects of behavior and mechanism was reviewed.In order to reduce the ECR,and improve the durability of electrical contacts,a lot of test and analysis has been done involving materials,coating type and thickness,contact force,amplitude,frequency,temperature,relative humidity and gas atmosphere and other factors,the more active research team and authors with their main job was introduced.The fretting corrosion model described by Antler and Bryant was introduced respectively,the formation mechanism of four different fretting regimes and the micro-morphology analysis were introduced in detail,and the influence on ECR was further discussed.Ten main factors affecting the fretting corrosion of electrical connectors were summarized from three aspects: material properties and behavior,contact conditions and environmental conditions.The vibration stress,temperature stress and electrical stress act on the electrical connector,which causes the complex electrical-thermal-mechanical multi-physical coupling effect in the internal contact parts of the electrical connector.The main methods used in the study of electrical contact fretting corrosion was also summarized,and the key research directions in the future was discussed from three perspectives: coupling effect of multiple factors,influence of marine environment and application of RF connectors.

关 键 词：电连接器 电接触 微动 微动腐蚀 ECR 

分 类 号：TG172[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]