防冰涂层材料及电力材料防覆冰应用的研究进展  

Research Progress of Anti-icing Coating Materials and Its Applications in the Protection of Power Materials

作　　者：郑奇凯 孙阔腾 黄松强 周经中 何学敏 刘奕[2] 吴双杰 周平[2] ZHENG Qi-kai;SUN Kuo-teng;HUANG Song-qiang;ZHOU Jing-zhong;HE Xue-min;LIU Yi;WU Shuang-jie;ZHOU Ping(Liuzhou Bureau,UHV Transmission Company,China Southern Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Liuzhou 545006,China;Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo 315201,China)

机构地区：[1]中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司柳州局,广西柳州545006 [2]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所,浙江宁波315201

出　　处：《表面技术》2021年第12期282-293,共12页Surface Technology

摘　　要：防冰涂层材料可有效减轻自然界结冰现象的影响,其通过防冰材料低表面能或高润滑性的特点,降低在低温严寒天气条件下物体表面冰的粘附强度,延迟材料覆冰时间,减少表面覆冰量,在保护电力材料免受冰冻灾害影响方面有着重要应用价值。基于热喷涂法制备的复合型表面防冰涂层材料,以及主被动相结合的防覆冰方法,是未来电力材料防覆冰应用发展的重要方向。然而截止目前,有关复合型表面防冰涂层材料的热喷涂制备,以及涂层在电力材料防冰中应用的研究进展综述鲜见报道。从超疏水材料与光热、电热除冰相结合的除冰方式,及超疏水-超润滑复合材料实现防冰除冰的角度出发,对近年来国内外复合防冰涂层的制备及性能的研究进展进行了综述,并重点讨论了适合于热喷涂制备的复合型涂层的防冰除冰效果。最后,讨论了超疏水防冰涂层、复合型防冰涂层在电力材料表面防覆冰方面应用的研究进展,并对热喷涂法制备防冰涂层在的局限性问题进行了总结,对其应用前景进行了展望,希望在复合型防冰方面进一步开展研究,为电力材料表面防冰涂层的未来发展提供指导。Anti-icing coating materials can effectively reduce the impact of natural icing.The low surface energy or high lubricity enables anti-icing materials to weaken the adhesion strength of ice on the surface of objects under severe cold weather conditions,delay the icing time and reduce the surface icing amount,so anti-icing materials have important practical value in protecting power materials from freezing disaster.Composite surface anti-icing coating materials prepared by the thermal spraying method and active-passive anti-icing methods are the important research focuses of anti-icing application for power materials in the future.However,up to now,the research progress overview of both preparation methods of thermal sprayed composite surface anti-icing coating materials and the protection applications for power materials was seldom reported.In this paper,from the point of view of the combination of superhydrophobic materials and photothermal/electrothermal deicing method,and the composite coatings of superhydrophobic and superlubricating materials for anti-icing and deicing,domestic and international research progress about the preparation and performance of composite anti-icing coatings in recent years was reviewed,and the anti-icing and deicing effects of the composite coatings suitable for thermal spraying were also discussed.Finally,the research progress of superhydrophobic anti-icing coating and composite anti-icing coating on the surface of power materials was discussed,and the application prospects and limitations of thermal sprayed anti-icing coatings were also prospected.It is hoped that further research on composite anti-icing methods can provide guidance for the future development of surface anti-icing coating of power materials.

关 键 词：电力材料 防冰 除冰 涂层 热喷涂 

分 类 号：TG174[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]