基于IKAP理论的延续性护理对糖尿病视网膜病变患者自我管理、治疗依从性及心理状态的影响  

Effect of continuous nursing based on IKAP theory on self-management,treatment compliance and psychological state of patients with diabetic retinopathy

作　　者：尚治新[1] 王清春 王芳 Shang Zhixin;Wang Qingchun;Wang Fang(Department of Endocrinology,Zhongshan People's Hospital,528410,China)

机构地区：[1]中山市人民医院内分泌科,528410

出　　处：《国际护理学杂志》2021年第24期4582-4586,共5页international journal of nursing

基　　金：中山市社会公益科技研究项目(2019B1052)。

摘　　要：目的探究信息-知识-信念-行为(IKAP)理论下的延续性护理对糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy, DR)患者自我管理能力、治疗依从性及心理状态的影响。方法选取2019年2月至2021年2月在中山市人民医院接受治疗的136例DR患者作为研究对象, 按单双数编号法随机分为对照组和观察组各68例。对照组行常规护理, 观察组行IKAP理论下的延续性护理。比较两组患者自我管理能力和治疗依从性, 同时分析患者干预前后的心理状态变化。结果干预3个月后, 两组患者自我护理能力量表内各项评分及总分均显著提高, 但观察组评分均高于同时点的对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预1 w、1个月、3个月后, 两组患者院外治疗依从性均呈逐渐下降趋势, 且观察组依从性评分高于同时点的对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经过干预后, 两组患者焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分均显著下降, 且观察组SAS、SDS评分明显低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用IKAP理论下的延续性护理可以提高DR患者的自我护理能力, 同时加强院外治疗依从性, 有效改善患者不良情绪, 改善心理状态, 有利于患者康复。Objective To explore the effect of continuous nursing under information-knowledge-attitude-practice(IKAP)theory on the self-management ability,treatment compliance and psychological state of patients with diabetic retinitis(DR).Methods A total of 136 patients with DR who were treated in this hospital from February 2019 to February 2021 were selected as the research objects,and were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 68 cases each according to the odd and even numbering method.The control group received routine nursing,and the observation group received continuous nursing under IKAP theory.The self-management ability and treatment compliance of the two groups of patients were compared,and the changes in the psychological state of the patients before and after intervention were analyzed.Results After 3 months of intervention,the scores and total scores in the self-care ability scale of the two groups were significantly improved,but the scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group at the same point,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After the intervention for 1 week,1 month,and 3 months,the compliance of the two groups of patients out of hospital showed a gradual decline,but the compliance score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group at the same point,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,the Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)scores of the two groups of patients decreased significantly,but the SAS and SDS scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions Continuity of care under IKAP theory can improve the self-care ability of DR patients,strengthen the compliance of out-of-hospital treatment,effectively reduce patients'bad mood,improve psychological state,and benefit patients'recovery.

关 键 词：IKAP理论 延续性护理 糖尿病视网膜病变 自我管理 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学] R473.77[医药卫生—临床医学]