江西省寻乌县水源地保护与小流域治理效果研究  

Effect of water source protection and small watershed management in Xunwu County,Jiangxi Province

作　　者：刘小真[1,2] 李江东 梁丽华 LIU Xiaozhen;LI Jiangdong;LIANG Lihua(Key Laboratory of Environment and Resource Utilization of Poyang Lake of Ministry of Education,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;School of Resources,Environment and Chemical Engineering,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;Nanchang Wuqiu Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330006,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学鄱阳湖环境与资源利用教育部重点实验室,江西南昌330031 [2]南昌大学资源环境与化学工程学院,江西南昌330031 [3]南昌务求环保科技有限公司,江西南昌330006

出　　处：《人民长江》2021年第12期59-64,共6页Yangtze River

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金项目(20192BAB203023)。

摘　　要：江西省寻乌县东江源地区是珠三角和香港地区的重要饮用水水源地,为保护东江源区生态环境,政府开展了一系列治理工作。基于寻乌县2010年和2018年土地利用数据,采用ArcGIS 10.2、Fragstats 4.2.1、Origin 2016软件对景观指数变化规律、土地利用方式动态度进行分析。结合土地利用转换矩阵计算各地类之间的转化动态信息,并对比治理前后饮用水源水质情况,分析治理的效果。结果表明:建设用地动态度最高,但是斑块密度下降,聚集度、最大斑块指数增加;耕地净转出量最高,林地净转入量最高,林地主要由耕地和草地转入,耕地斑块密度增加,最大斑块指数下降,耕地逐渐分散,林地的蔓延度指数增加,林地逐渐连成一片;治理后饮用水源水质转优。说明区域内移民搬迁、退耕还林、植树造林效果较好,但水域面积有所下降。建议加强对污水处理站及人工湿地的后期管理,控制河岸周围人口及城镇规模,并对餐厨废水进行妥善处理。The Dongjiang origin area in Xunwu County,Jiangxi Province is an important drinking water source of the Pearl River Delta and Hong Kong regions.In order to protect the ecological environment of the Dongjiang origin area,the government has carried out a series of treatment.Based on the land use data in 2010 and 2018,ArcGIS 10.2,Fragstats 4.2.1,Origin 2016 were used to analyze the changing laws of landscape index and the dynamics of land use patterns.Combined with the land use conversion matrix,the dynamic information of transformation between various categories was calculated.The quality of drinking water source before and after the treatment was compared,and the effects of treatments were analyzed.The results showed that the dynamic degree of construction land was the highest,but its patch density decreased,aggregation degree and the maximum patch index increased.The net transfer of cultivated land to other types of land was the highest,and the net transfer of other types of land to forest land was the highest.Forest land was mainly transferred from cultivated land and grassland.The patch density of cultivated land increased,and the maximum patch index of cultivated land decreased,the cultivated land was gradually dispersed,the spread index of forest land increased,and forest land was gradually connected.After the treatment,the quality of drinking water sources had improved.It showed that the effects of resettlement,urbanization,return the grain plots to forestry,and afforestation in the region were good,but the water area had declined.It is recommended to strengthen the post-management of sewage treatment stations and constructed wetlands,control the population around the river bank and the size of towns,strengthen communication and coordination with local people,and dispose the kitchen wastewater properly.

关 键 词：水源地保护 生态修复 土地利用方式 东江源头 

分 类 号：X36[环境科学与工程—环境工程]