升船机液气弹簧装置设计与研究  

Research and design of hydro-pneumatic spring device in ship lift

作　　者：廖乐康 LIAO Lekang(Changjiang Survey Planning Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《人民长江》2021年第12期133-139,共7页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402002)。

摘　　要：全平衡齿轮齿条爬升式垂直升船机具有在承船厢失衡事故工况下将承船厢锁定的安全功能。液气弹簧装置是船厢在升降工况中将支承由驱动机构开式齿轮-齿条传动副向安全机构旋转螺杆-螺母柱螺纹接触副转换,从而实现船厢超载锁定的关键设备。详细阐述了全平衡齿轮齿条爬升式升船机液气弹簧装置的功能特点、结构组成和工作原理,介绍了液气弹簧极限载荷、液气弹簧油缸最大行程和蓄能器初始容积等设计参数的计算方法,并推导出了液气弹簧载荷位移非线性特性函数的精确表达式和以幂多项式表示的近似表达式。研究表明:在相同的位移下,液气弹簧的作用载荷不大于按线性弹簧计算得出的载荷值,且当蓄能器的气体初始容积取值大于按照等温过程波义耳定律计算的初始容积值时,液气弹簧以及齿轮的极限载荷值略小于对应的按线性刚度计算的液气弹簧以及齿轮的极限载荷设计值。研究成果可供齿轮齿条爬升式升船机设计人员和升船机动力学研究人员参考。The full balanced gear-rack climbing type ship lift has the safety function of ship chamber lockage in case of ship chamber imbalance.The hydro-pneumatic spring device is the key equipment for the overload locking of the ship cabin,which converts the support from the open gear-rack transmission pair of the driving mechanism to the screw thread contact pair of the rotating screw-nut column of the safety mechanism in the lifting condition.In this paper,the functional characteristics,structural composition and working principle of the hydro-pneumatic spring device of the fully balanced gear-rack climbing type ship lift were described.The calculation methods of the design parameters such as the limit load of the hydro-pneumatic spring,the maximum stroke of the hydro-pneumatic spring cylinder and the initial volume of the accumulator were introduced.Furthermore,the accurate expression of the nonlinear characteristic function of the load and displacement of the hydro-pneumatic spring and the approximate expression expressed by the power polynomial were derived.The research showed that under the same displacement conditions,the action load of the liquid-gas spring was not greater than the load value calculated by the linear spring,and when the initial volume value of the gas of the accumulator was greater than the initial volume value calculated by the Boyer s law of isothermal process,the ultimate load value of the liquid-gas spring and gear was slightly smaller than the corresponding design value calculated by the linear stiffness.The research results can provide reference for designers and dynamics researchers of gear-rack climbing ship lift.

关 键 词：齿轮齿条爬升式升船机 液气弹簧装置 齿轮托架 机械特性曲线 

分 类 号：U642[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]