从“政经合一”到“政经分离”:农村集体经济治理的一个新逻辑  

From"Integration of Politics and Economy"to"Separation of Politics and Economy":A New Logic of Rural Collective Economic Governance

作　　者：徐冠清 崔占峰[1] XU Guanqing;CUI Zhanfeng(School of Economics and Management,Yantai University,Yantai Shandong 264005,China;College of Economics and Management,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台大学经济管理学院,山东烟台264005 [2]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《农业经济与管理》2021年第5期26-37,共12页Agricultural Economics and Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(13CJY032);山东省社会科学规划项目(重大理论与实践专项)(18CSJJ21);中国博士后科学基金第61批面上项目(2017M611431);烟台大学研究生科技创新基金(YDYB2025)。

摘　　要：农村集体经济组织在乡村治理中发挥着至关重要的作用。十八大以来伴随农村集体产权制度改革持续推进,村集体经济组织的活力逐步释放。改革后的农村集体资产如何运营,相关部门在机制设计方面尚未作出统一规划。事实表明,得益于政府的扶持,农村集体净资产快速增长,一定程度上掩盖了发展不合理的各种问题。农村集体经济组织普遍由村委会代管的情形下,因“政经不分”导致的内外部监督双重失效现象仍较普遍,集体资产优化配置问题仍未从根本上得以解决。实现“政经分离”是农村集体资产持续增收的重要制度性前提。农村集体经济组织缺少资金、技术、人才和制度优势,引入公司制与法人制是提高其经营效率的重要途径,但要预防资本侵入风险,在农村集体经济组织、村委会、合作社、企业、村民等多方主体参与的监督与制约环境中构建新型农村集体经济的运营机制。Rural collective economic organizations play a vital role in rural governance.Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the reform of the rural collective property rights system has been continuously promoted,gradually released the vitality of the village collective economic organization.How to operate the rural collective assets after the reform?Relevant departments have not yet made a unified plan in terms of mechanism design.An important fact is that the rapid growth of rural collective net assets benefited from government support has concealed various problems of unreasonable development to some extent.In the case where the rural collective economic organizations are generally managed by the village committee,the dual dilemmas of internal and external supervision caused by"no separation of politics and economy"are still relatively common,and the problem of optimal allocation of collective assets has not been fundamentally solved.Achieving"separation of politics and economy"is an important institutional prerequisite for the continuous increase of rural collective assets.Rural collective economic organizations lack of capital,technology,talent and system advantages,introducing corporations and legal person system is an important approach to improve the efficiency of its operation.However,it is necessary to prevent the risks of capital intrusion and construct a new operating mechanism of the rural collective economy in the supervision and restriction environment of the participation of the rural collective economic organizations,village committees,cooperatives,enterprises,villagers and other multiple subjects.

关 键 词：政经分离 农村集体资产 资本 企业领办合作社 

分 类 号：F321.32[经济管理—产业经济]