新疆民居檐廊空间的地域形制与流布  

The Regional Shape and Distribution of Eaves Corridor Space in Xinjiang Folk Houses

作　　者：塞尔江·哈力克[1] 范峻玮 Saierjiang HALIKE;FAN Junwei

机构地区：[1]新疆大学建筑工程学院,乌鲁木齐830047

出　　处：《新建筑》2021年第6期132-136,共5页New Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51968066,51668058);新疆大学博士科研启动基金项目(620312355)。

摘　　要：作为气候应答的檐廊,广泛存在于新疆民居中。根据田野调查,结合文献研究,从地理环境、文化习俗、民居类型等方面,探讨新疆各地檐廊的形制、功用、居俗特征,以及对自然环境因应等。研究发现,南疆的辟夏以旺为檐廊形制的高地,在民居中有着夏季起居中心的重要地位;东疆吐鲁番的檐廊主要有遮阳、交通之用,但仍保有一定的生活起居功能;北疆伊宁花园式檐廊的生活起居功能大幅锐减,而天山北麓的拔廊、井干式木屋檐廊从无到有,也是对气候、现代生活方式的因应。最后讨论了传统檐廊的转译、启示与保护。As a weather-responding feature,eaves corridor widely exists in Xinjiang residential houses.Through field surveys and literature review,this paper discusses the characteristics,functions,environmental responses and related customs of the eaves corridors in various parts of Xinjiang in terms of geographical environment,cultural customs and folk house types.It concludes that southern Xinjiang is the highland of eaves corridors,because Pixiayiwang has an important position as a summer living center in residential buildings.Influenced by the diverse semi-outdoor spaces in residential buildings and the types of residential buildings,Turpan’s eaves corridor are mainly used for shading and transportation,but still retain certain living functions.The anti-climatic garden-style eaves corridor’s living functions in Yining have been drastically reduced,becoming a symbol of immigrant culture.The emergence of the eaves corridors at the northern foot of the Tianshan Mountains and the cabin eaves corridors in the pastoral areas are also different responses to climate and modern lifest yles.

关 键 词：新疆民居 檐廊 辟夏以旺 移室居俗 环境因应 

分 类 号：TU-092.8[建筑科学—建筑理论]