明清苏北庙湾的海陆变迁与行政升格  

The Land and Ocean Changes and Administration Upgrading in Miaowan Area of North Jiangsu in Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：陶仁义 王日根 Tao Renyi;Wang Rigen

机构地区：[1]南京工业职业技术大学

出　　处：《农业考古》2021年第6期34-46,共13页Agricultural Archaeology

基　　金：南京工业职业技术大学人才引进项目“海势东迁与明清淮安府濒海民众生计变迁研究”(2020SKYJ02);江苏高校哲学社会科学研究项目“海势东迁与淮安府盐场民众生计转型”(2020SJAO668);国家社科基金重大项目“清代海疆政策与开发研究”(13&ZD093)。

摘　　要：明代黄河夺淮,淮安府首当其冲,宋代出海口北沙淤积成陆,作为盐场的庙湾承担起出海口的角色,并兼具海防功能,以镇建城。沿至清代,庙湾又在淤沙成陆的趋势中逐渐失去出海口功能,升格为新县阜宁县治所在。显然淤沙成陆的区域兼具海陆发展的双重特征,政府过急地将其纳入农业生产方式的管理之下,势必难收成效,因此明清王朝对庙湾管辖既有成功的经验,又颇多失误,究其根源在于行政治理中海洋意识的尚未树立。In the Ming Dynasty,when the Yellow River occupied the river course of Huaihe River,Huai'an prefecture was the first to bear the brunt of it.In the Song Dynasty,the northern sand at the outlet to the sea silted up into land,and Miaowan,a place for saltworks,assumed the role of the outlet and the function of sea defense,thus developing into a city.In Qing Dynasty,Miaowan lost its estuary function with the land expanding,and became the capital of the new county Funing.It is obvious that the area from siltation into land had the dual characteristics of marine and land development,and the government then rashly put it under the conventional agricultural production mode,which inevitably would not attain satisfying results.Though the Ming and Qing dynasties had both experiences and mistakes in the jurisdiction of Mianwan,there was the lack of marine awareness in administrative governance.

关 键 词：黄河夺淮 庙湾 王朝管辖 海洋经济 

分 类 号：K928[历史地理—人文地理学]