生物农药短稳杆菌防治杨梅果蝇试验研究  

Experimental Study on the Control of Fruit Flies with Myrtle by Biopesticides

作　　者：孙剑华 高小文 赵艳 王浩挺 SUN Jianhua;GAO Xiaowen;ZHAO Yan;WANG Haoting(Zhenjiang Institute of Applied Biotechnology Development,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu 212009,China;Zhenjiang Runyu Biotechnology Development Co.,LTD.,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu 212009,China)

机构地区：[1]镇江应用生物科技开发研究所,江苏镇江212009 [2]镇江市润宇生物科技开发有限公司,江苏镇江212009

出　　处：《生物灾害科学》2021年第4期425-430,共6页Biological Disaster Science

摘　　要：【目的】杨梅果蝇是为害杨梅果实的主要害虫,其发生危害期接近杨梅果实成熟期,不易使用化学农药防治。为寻求用于杨梅果蝇防治的生物农药,进行了生物农药短稳杆菌防治杨梅果蝇试验研究。【方法】试验采用慕卫等“胃毒触杀联合毒力测定法”进行室内生物活性测定,田间药效试验和农药对杨梅的安全性评价试验依照农业行业标准《NY/T 1464.68—2018》、《NY/T 1965.1—2010》实施。【结果】生物农药100亿孢子/mL短稳杆菌悬浮剂对杨梅果蝇有较高的生物活性,LC_(50)值为1.6636亿孢子/L;且对杨梅安全,安全系数大于4.0;对杨梅果蝇具有较好的防治效果,在杨梅果蝇发生初期或杨梅果实硬核转色期使用一次,使用剂量为稀释300~700倍液,平均防效86.36%。可在杨梅果蝇防治中推广应用。【意义】为杨梅果蝇的防治提供了一个生物农药品种,解决了杨梅果蝇在杨梅成熟期不能使用化学农药防治的难题,促进绿色水果生产,提高了杨梅果实的质量、品质和果农的经济效益。[Objective]Fruit fly of waxberry is the main pest that damages waxberry fruits.Its occurrence and damage period are close to the mature period of waxberry fruits,and so it is not easy to use chemical pesticides to prevent and control the fly.To seek biological pesticides for the prevention and control of the fly,an experimental study was carried out.[Method]The indoor biological activity was measured by the‘Gastrotoxin touching combined virulence assay’by Mu Wei,et al.,and the field efficacy and the safety evaluation tests of pesticides on waxberry were implemented in accordance with the agricultural industry standards NY/T1464.68-2018 and NY/T1965.1-2010.[Result]The test results showed that the biological pesticide 10 billion spores/ml prosodiaceae suspending agent had higher biological activity on the fly(sophila melanogaster),with LC50 value as 0.16636 billion spores/L.And for the safety of waxberry,the safety factor was greater than 4.0.All these showed that the biological pesticide had a good control effect on fruit flies of waxberry,when being used once in the early stage of the occurrence of fruit flies of waxberry or in the period of hard nucleus color conversion of waxberry fruit,with the dosage as diluted 300~700 times,and with an average preventive effect of 86.36%.So,this biopesticide could be popularized and applied in the prevention and treatment of fruit flies with waxberry.[Significance]The study provided a variety of biological pesticides for the prevention and control of fruit flies of waxberry,and solved the problem that fruit flies of waxberry could not use chemical pesticides for the prevention and control during the mature period of waxberry,which promoted the production of green fruits,as well as improved the quality of waxberry fruits and the economic benefits of fruit growers.

关 键 词：生物农药 短稳杆菌 杨梅果蝇 防治效果 

分 类 号：S436.679[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]