骨髓间充质干细胞向心肌细胞分化的研究进展  

Progress in the Study of Cardiomyogenic Differentiation of Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells

作　　者：王文华 刘洋[1] 吕洋[1] 赵亚如 王海萍[1] Wang Wenhua;Liu Yang;Lv Yange(Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Laboratory,Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北北方学院干细胞与生殖生物学实验室,张家口075000

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（医学版）》2021年第6期811-816,共6页Acta Medicinae Universitatis Scientiae et Technologiae Huazhong

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金资助项目(No.C2019405091);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(No.ZD2019066)。

摘　　要：心肌梗死(myocardial infarction,MI)是心血管疾病中最常见且最严重的疾病,心肌梗死后心肌组织的损伤、凋亡和不能再生的问题一直无法解决。在组织工程的研究中发现,通过干细胞治疗损伤的心肌组织从而改善心脏功能是最理想的选择。骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs)具有自我更新、多向分化、获取容易、增殖迅速的生物学特性,同时具有旁分泌、抗炎抗纤维化、免疫抑制、促血管生成等作用,因此,BMSCs是治疗心血管疾病的理想途径。诱导BMSCs向心肌细胞方向分化的方法包括化学、生物、物理等方法。该综述主要对BMSCs的生物特性、作用机制以及在体外诱导BMSCs向心肌细胞方向分化的方法进行了总结。Myocardial infarction(MI)is the most common and most serious disease in cardiovascular diseases.After myocardial infarction,the problems of myocardial tissue damage,apoptosis and inability to regenerate have not been solved.In the research of tissue engineering,it has been found that stem cell therapy on damaged myocardial tissue to improve heart function is the most ideal choice.Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)have the biological characteristics of self-renewal,multi-directional differentiation,easy acquisition,and rapid proliferation.At the same time,they can play an effective role in the treatment of myocardial infarction,such as paracrine,anti-inflammation,anti-fibrosis,and immune.It inhibits and promotes angiogenesis.Therefore,BMSCs are ideal seed cells for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.Methods to induce BMSCs to differentiate into cardiomyocytes include chemical,biological,and physical methods.In this review,we mainly summarized the biological characteristics of BMSCs,the mechanism of action,and the methods to induce BMSCs to differentiate into cardiomyocytes in vitro.

关 键 词：骨髓间充质干细胞 心肌细胞 诱导分化 心肌微环境 

分 类 号：R329.2[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]