煤矸石土壤改良剂的研究与进展  

Research progress of coal gangue soil amendment

作　　者：王辰 梁惠祺 别泉泉 张硕[1] 高耀 舒元锋 朱开成 王彦君[3] 许泽胜[1] 舒新前[1] WANG Chen;LIANG Huiqi;BIE Quanquan;ZHANG Shuo;GAO Yao;SHU Yuanfeng;ZHU Kaicheng;WANG Yanjun;XU Zesheng;SHU Xinqian(School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Haidian,Beijing 100083,China;Green Mines Promotion Committee,Chaoyang,Beijing 100029,China;Institute of Geology and Mineral Surveying of Jiangsu Province,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京市海淀区100083 [2]绿色矿山推进委员会,北京市朝阳区100029 [3]江苏地质矿产设计研究院,江苏省徐州市221000

出　　处：《中国煤炭》2021年第12期49-56,共8页China Coal

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1806500);中国煤炭地质总局科技专项基金项目(ZMKJ-2020-J04-5)。

摘　　要：鉴于当前土地资源不断削减、土地质量下降、污染日益严重等问题,利用土壤改良剂对土地进行改良成为研究的热点。目前使用的土壤改良剂原料多为天然或人工合成物质,成本较高,煤矸石等无机固废的开发较少,导致大量廉价原材料废置,且极易对环境造成污染。为充分利用盐碱地、荒漠化土地资源,在前期研究基础上,提出利用煤矸石作为原材料制备土壤改良剂,以期可以改善土壤理化性质,提高土壤微生物的种类和数量,加强土壤的保水、保肥性能,有利于植物生长发育,在增加可使用土地资源的同时,实现固体废物的再利用。目前的煤矸石改良剂主要存在含硫量高、养分缺乏、重金属污染等问题,在利用之前首先应明确煤矸石的理化性质,提高煤矸石与修复土壤的适配性,或添加粉煤灰、禽畜粪便等实现养分优势互补,同时防止煤矸石中的有害组分渗入土壤,实现煤矸石的资源化利用。In view of the continuous reduction of land resources,the decline of land quality and increasingly serious pollution,the utilization of soil amendment to improve land has become a research hotspot.At present,the raw materials of soil amendment are mostly natural or synthetic materials with high cost,while the development of inorganic solid wastes such as coal gangue is less,resulting in the waste of a large number of cheap raw materials and environment pollution.In order to make full use of saline alkali land and desertification land resources,on the basis of preliminary research,it was proposed to use coal gangue as raw material to prepare soil amendment,so as to improve soil physical and chemical properties,improve soil microbial species and quantity,strengthen soil water and fertilizer retention performance,and be conducive to plant growth and development,which could realize the reuse of solid waste while increasing available land resources.At present,coal gangue amendment mainly have problems such as high sulfur content,lack of nutrients and heavy metal pollution,so it is necessary to first clarify the physical and chemical properties of coal gangue before utilization,improve the adaptability between coal gangue and repaired soil,add fly ash,livestock manure or other materials to supplement each other's nutrient advantages,and prevent harmful components in coal gangue from penetrating into soil,so as to realize the resource utilization of coal gangue.

关 键 词：煤矸石 土壤改良 固废资源化利用 

分 类 号：TD849.5[矿业工程—煤矿开采] S156.2[矿业工程—矿山开采]