厨余垃圾生物水解过程中氯化物的迁移转化  

Migration and Transformation of Chloride during Biohydrolysis of Kitchen Wastes

作　　者：刘继伟 江燕航 艾克来木·艾合买提 邓乔蔓 雷鸣 方冰 陈锡鹏 杨国栋 蒋建国[1] LIU Ji-wei;JIANG Yan-hang;AIHEMAITI Aikelaimu;DENG Qiao-man;LEI Ming;FANG Bing;CHEN Xi-peng;YANG Guo-dong;JIANG Jian-guo(School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;City Appearance and Environment General Management Service Center of Baoan District,Shenzhen 518101,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境学院,北京100084 [2]深圳市宝安区市容环境综合管理服务中心,广东深圳518101

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2021年第23期52-56,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07202005)。

摘　　要：针对厨余垃圾机械生物水解产生的沼渣和沼液的再生利用问题,研究了氯化钠对厨余垃圾机械生物水解过程产挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs)、溶解性COD(SCOD)和氨氮的影响,分析了沼液和沼渣中氯离子的变化及迁移转化特性,考察了水淋洗对沼渣中氯离子含量以及营养元素钾和磷含量的影响。结果表明,在厨余垃圾机械生物水解过程中,氯化钠的存在降低了VFAs、SCOD和氨氮的产生量,三者浓度分别可降低2.56 mg/L、22.62 g/L、137.50 mg/L,主要原因是氯化钠抑制了微生物对厨余垃圾的分解;随着生物水解时间的增加,氯离子浓度逐渐降低,最后达到平衡;水淋洗沼渣过程中,沼渣中的氯离子浓度逐渐降低,能够达到市场上有机肥所含氯离子浓度的要求;水淋洗对沼渣中磷和钾等营养元素含量的影响较小。The present study aims to solve the problem of recycling and utilization of hydrolysis residues and hydrolysate produced by mechanical biohydrolysis of kitchen wastes.The effects of sodium chloride on production of volatile fatty acids(VFAs),soluble COD(SCOD)and ammonia nitrogen in the process of mechanical biohydrolysis of kitchen wastes were explored.The change,migration and transformation characteristics of chloride ions in hydrolysis residues and hydrolysate were analyzed.The effects of water leaching on the contents of chloride ions and nutrient elements such as potassium and phosphorus in hydrolysis residues were investigated.In the process of mechanical biohydrolysis of kitchen wastes,the presence of sodium chloride reduced the production of VFAs,SCOD and ammonia nitrogen by 2.56 mg/L,22.62 g/L and 137.50 mg/L,respectively.The main reason was that sodium chloride inhibited the decomposition of kitchen wastes by microorganisms.With the increase of biohydrolysis time,the chloride ion concentration gradually decreased and eventually reached equilibrium.In the process of water leaching of the hydrolysis residues,the concentration of chlorine ion gradually decreased,which met the requirements of the concentration of chloride ions in organic fertilizer on the market.However,water leaching had little effect on contents of nutrient elements such as phosphorus and potassium in hydrolysis residues.

关 键 词：厨余垃圾 机械生物水解 氯化钠 迁移转化 沼渣 沼液 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]