水浸超声C扫描系统的构建与试验验证  

Construction and Experimental Verification of Water Immersion Ultrasonic C-scan System

作　　者：马蒙源 曹弘毅 姜明顺[1] 张法业[1] 张雷[1] 隋青美[1] MA Mengyuan;CAO Hongyi;JIANG Mingshun;ZHANG Faye;ZHANG Lei;SUI Qingmei(School of Control Science and Engineering,Shandong University,Ji’nan 250061,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学控制科学与工程学院,山东济南250061

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2021年第6期49-53,72,共6页Rolling Stock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62073193,61903224,61873333);国家重点研发计划(2018YFE02013,2020YFE0204900);山东省重点研发计划(2019TSLH0301,2019GHZ004)。

摘　　要：复合材料在轨道交通领域有广泛的应用前景,复合材料的无损缺陷检测是保障其安全使用的重要前提。文章根据超声脉冲回波法检测原理,构建了水浸超声C扫描自动检测系统。设计了集三轴运动控制、超声信号采集与处理为一体的硬件系统,在Qt环境下开发了上位机软件,实时扫查路径控制、超声回波信号处理、超声C扫描成像、缺陷定性检测和定量分析等,从而实现对复合材料的自动化无损检测与评估。为验证系统的检测能力,首先,利用热压罐成型工艺制备标准缺陷试样,并人工埋入缺陷;然后,利用水浸超声C扫描系统对标准缺陷试样进行检测,对缺陷进行定性分析和缺陷大小、深度的定量计算;最后,对比人工埋入的缺陷数据,对检测结果进行误差分析。试验结果表明,水浸超声C扫描自动检测系统可以准确、直观地呈现复合材料内部的缺陷情况,实现对复合材料的无损检测与评估。Composite materials have broad application prospects in the field of rail transit,and non-destructive defect of composite materials is very important to ensure its safe use.According to the principle of ultrasonic pulse echo method,an automatic detection system of water immersion ultrasonic C-scan system is constructed.A hardware system integrating three-axis motion control,ultrasonic signal acquisition and processing is designed,and the upper PC software is developed in Qt environment.The functions of scanning path control,ultrasonic echo signal processing,ultrasonic C-scan imaging,defect qualitative detection and quantitative analysis are realized in real time,so as to realize automatic nondestructive testing and evaluation of composite materials.In order to verify the detection capability of the system,firstly,a standard defect sample was prepared by using the autoclave processing,and the defects were artificially embedded.Then,the immersion ultrasonic C-scan system was used for detection of the standard defect sample,including qualitative analysis of defects and quantitative calculation of defect size and depth.Finally,compared with the artificially embedded defect data,the error analysis of detection results is carried out.The research shows that the water immersion ultrasonic C-scan automatic detection system can accurately and intuitively present the internal defects of composite materials,and realize the nondestructive testing and evaluation of composite materials.

关 键 词：复合材料 无损检测 超声C扫描 系统构建 

分 类 号：U270.42[机械工程—车辆工程]