我国老年人居家跌倒风险自评量表的初步研制  

Preliminary development of the fall risk self-assessment scale for home-dwelling elderly in China

作　　者：王志灼 谷莉[1] 周谋望[1] 杨延砚[1] 戴宏乐[1] 刘小燮[1] WANG Zhizhuo;GU Li;ZHOU Mouwang(Dept.of Rehabilitation of Peking University Third Hospital,Beijing,100191)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院康复医学科,北京100191

出　　处：《中国康复医学杂志》2021年第12期1505-1511,1544,共8页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2018YFC2001400)。

摘　　要：目的:研制适用于我国社区老年人的跌倒风险自评量表,为跌倒预防与干预工作提供适合国情和方便实用的评估工具。方法:通过检索文献,参考国内外现有的跌倒风险评估工具,初步筛选出符合国内老年人特点的跌倒风险因素,形成初步量表条目,应用Delphi专家函询法进行指标筛选及重要性评分。结果:三轮专家函询的有效回收率分别为100%、96.55%和86.21%;有效修改建议率分别为75.86%、42.86%和24.00%。三轮函询的Cr均为0.894。从第一轮到第三轮专家函询,一级指标的Kendall’W增加到0.322(P<0.001);二级指标的Kendall’W增加到0.411(P<0.001)。最终确定5个一级指标和41个二级指标,专家对各项指标意见趋于一致。结论:本研究研制的老年人居家跌倒风险自评量表专家意见协调系数高。进一步研究将对该量表的条目进行分析及筛选,并在社区老年人中对其信效度进行检验。Objective:To develop a fall risk self-assessment scale applicable for community-dwelling older adults in China and provide a convenient assessment tool suitable for China’s actual situations for the sake of fall prevention and intervention in the community.Method:Based on literature review and current domestic and international assessments utilized clinically,the preliminary fall risk indicators were established, which was selected and rated regarding the importance through three-round Delphi process.Result:After three-round questionnaire,the effective recovery rate was 100%,96.55% and 86.21% sequentially,and the corresponding proportions of panelists who proposed opinions were 75.86%,42.86% and 24.00%.The authority coefficients(Cr) were 0.894 in three-round Delphi process. Kendall’s concordance coefficient(Kendall’s W) indicator increased to 0.322(P<0.001) and 0.411(P<0.001) for the first-level and second-level indicator respectively from first to third round consensus. The final consensus was reached on 5 first-level and 41 second-level indicators.Conclusion:The fall risk self-assessment scale for home-dwelling elderly developed in this study has a high expert opinion coordination coefficient. Further study is to analyze and screen the items of the scale, and to test its reliability and validity among the elderly in the community.

关 键 词：社区 老年人 跌倒风险 评估工具 德尔菲法 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R49