新疆梓树果实纤维提取及其结构性能  

Fiber extraction from Xinjiang Catalpa fruit and its structure properties

作　　者：许多 陈春晖 李勇[1] 汪世杰 吉强 XU Duo;CHEN Chunhui;LI Yong;WANG Shijie;JI Qiang(Tarim University,College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,ALaer 843300,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学机械电气化工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《上海纺织科技》2021年第12期1-3,21,共4页Shanghai Textile Science & Technology

基　　金：塔里木大学校长基金项目(TDZKSS201915);塔里木大学校长基金项目(TDZKSS201903);塔里木大学校长基金项目(TDZKQN201806)。

摘　　要：为提高废弃新疆梓树果实的利用价值,采用化学脱胶方法提取梓树果实纤维,探究碱氧脱胶过程中氢氧化钠和过氧化氢质量浓度对纤维力学性能的影响,并借助扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和傅里叶红外光谱仪对梓树果实及梓树果实纤维的结构进行表征。结果表明:碱氧脱胶的优化工艺为氢氧化钠质量浓度15 g/L,过氧化氢质量浓度12 g/L,温度90℃,浴比1:15,此时梓树果实纤维的断裂强力为148.64 cN,白度为43.7%,结晶度为55.78%,且梓树果实纤维表面有明显凹凸不平的纵向条纹。In order to improve the utilization value of discarded Xinjiang catalpa fruit, chemical degumming method is used to extract catalpa fruit fiber, the influence of sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide concentration on the mechanical properties of the fiber during the alkaline oxygen degumming process is explored, and SEM, XRD and FTIR are used to characterize the structure of catalpa fruit and catalpa fruit fiber. The results show that the optimum process for alkaline oxygen degumming is that the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 15 g/L, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 12 g/L, the temperature is 90 ℃, and the bath ratio is 1∶15. At this time, the breaking strength of catalpa fruit fiber is 148.64 cN, the whiteness is 43.7%, the crystallinity is 55.78%, and there are obvious uneven longitudinal stripes on the fiber surface of the catalpa fruit.

关 键 词：植物纤维 化学脱胶 力学性能 梓树果实 断裂强力 白度 结晶度 

分 类 号：TS101.921.1[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]