基于面向对象的曹妃甸景观格局动态及驱动力研究  

Dynamics and driving forces of Caofeidian landscape pattern based on object-oriented classification

作　　者：张宇宁 陈琛 易惠龙 荆莉华 胡雅凡 刘明月 满卫东 ZHANG Yuning;CHEN Chen;YI Huilong;JING Lihua;HU Yafan;LIU Mingyue;MAN Weidong(College of Mining Engineering,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan Hebei 063210,China;Tangshan Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Remote Sensing,Tangshan Hebei 063210,China;Hebei Industrial Technology Institute of Mine Ecological Remediation,Tangshan Hebei 063210,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Mining Development and Security Technology,Tangshan Hebei 063210,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学矿业工程学院,河北唐山063210 [2]唐山市资源与环境遥感重点实验室,河北唐山063210 [3]河北省矿区生态修复产业技术研究院,河北唐山063210 [4]河北省矿业开发与安全技术重点实验室,河北唐山063210

出　　处：《延边大学农学学报》2021年第4期74-81,共8页Agricultural Science Journal of Yanbian University

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(D2019209317);省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S201910081028,X2019053);唐山市科技计划重点研发项目(19150231E);唐山市科技研发平台培养计划(2020TS003b);唐山市科技创新团队培养计划项目(19130206C)。

摘　　要：基于Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI遥感影像,采用面向对象的分类方法提取曹妃甸区1990、2000、2010和2017年4期土地利用信息,结合景观生态学理论,揭示曹妃甸区景观格局动态变化规律及其驱动因素。结果表明:1)1990—2017年曹妃甸区人工表面面积呈现逐年增加的趋势,由1990年的141.55 km^(2)增加到2017年的399.71 km^(2),增加的人工表面主要分布在曹妃甸南部;27年间,湿地面积急剧减小,减少面积为117.29 km^(2);主要原因是南部沿海围填海活动频繁部分海域转化为人工表面及草地,以及大量湿地被改造为耕地。2)景观水平上景观格局的变化趋势是:破碎-聚集-破碎;曹妃甸区景观格局整体趋于破碎化。斑块水平上,耕地、养殖池和湿地整体呈破碎趋势,人工表面趋于聚集,物理连接度增加。3)政策调控、经济发展以及人口增长等因素是景观格局变化和时空分异特征的主要驱动因素。景观格局的研究结果可为曹妃甸区域粮食规划和可持续发展提供科学依据。Based on Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI remote sensing images,an object-oriented classification method is used to extract four periods of land use information in Caofeidian District in 1990,2000,2010 and 2017,and combine with the theory of landscape ecology to reveal the dynamic change pattern of landscape pattern in Caofeidian District and its driving factors.The results show that:the artificial surface area in Caofeidian District showed a trend of increasing year by year from 1990 to 2017,from 141.55 km^(2) in 1990 to 399.71 km^(2) in 2017,with the increased artificial surface mainly distributed in the south of Caofeidian.Over the past 27 years,the area of wetlands has decreased dramatically,by 117.29 km^(2);the main reason for these results is the frequent reclamation activities along the southern coast and the conversion of part of the sea into artificial surfaces and grasslands,and the secondary reason is the conversion of a large amount of wetlands into cultivated land.The trend in landscape pattern at the landscape level is:fragmentation-aggregation-fragmentation;the overall landscape pattern in Caofeidian tends to be fragmented.At the patch level,there is an overall trend towards fragmentation of arable land,farm ponds and wetlands,with artificial surfaces tending to aggregate and physical connectivity increasing.Policy regulation,economic development and population growth are the main drivers of landscape pattern change and Spatio-temporal differentiation.The results of the landscape pattern provide scientific basis for food planning and sustainable development in Caofeidian.

关 键 词：面向对象分类方法 景观格局 驱动力 曹妃甸 

分 类 号：Q901[生物学]