南京市2006—2020年水痘突发公共卫生事件流行病学特征  

Epidemiological characteristics of varicella public health emergency events in Nanjing, from 2006 to 2020

作　　者：卞增惠[1] 张钟[1] 孙红敏 许阳婷[1] BIAN Zeng-hui;ZHANG Zhong;SUN Hong-min;XU Yang-ting(Emergency Management Office,Nanjing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210003,China)

机构地区：[1]南京市疾病预防控制中心应急办,江苏南京210003

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第24期4510-4513,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析南京市水痘突发公共卫生事件流行特征,揭示水痘疫情防控的关键环节,为疫情防控工作提供参考。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2006—2020年南京市水痘突发公共卫生事件信息,使用描述性流行病学方法进行统计与分析。结果2006—2020年间,南京市共报告104起水痘突发公共卫生事件,共计确诊患者3255例,暴露人数132109人,发病率为2.5%;事件数量呈现9月—次年1月主峰及3—6月次峰;小学(51.9%)、幼儿园(27.9%)的事件数占比最高,发病年龄以5~9岁组最多(56.0%);事件的持续时间(r=0.663,P<0.001)及报告病例数(r=0.383,P<0.001)均与事件的响应时间呈正相关。结论水痘疫情防控应当重点关注冬季、小学及幼儿园、涉农区;建议加强水痘疫情监测,及时处置暴发疫情,做好学生及家长人群的健康教育,进一步完善适龄儿童水痘疫苗接种方案、提高水痘疫苗保护效果。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella public health emergency events(PHEEs)in Nanjing and reveal the key links throughout the epidemic prevention and control,and to provide reference for future efforts.Methods We collected the data of varicella PHEEs in Nanjing during 2006 and 2020 from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System and conducted a descriptive epidemiological analysis.Results F^rom 2006 to 2020,a total of 104 varicella PHEEs were reported in Nanjing,involving 3255 confirmed cases and 132109 exposed individuals,with an overall incidence rate of 2.5%.The events number curve showed the main peak from September to January of the following year and the secondary peak from March to June.The primary schools(51.9%)and kindergartens(27.9%)accounted for the highest proportion of total events,and the highest proportion of incident cases fell within the age range of 5-9 years(56.0%).The duration of events(r=0.663,P<0.001)and the number of reported cases(r=0.383,P<0.001)were both positively correlated with the response time of the events.Conclusion The prevention and control of varicella epidemic should focus on winter,elementary schools and kindergartens,and rural areas.We need to strengthen the surveillance of the varicella epidemic,take timely response measures,and do a good job in health education for students and their parents.It is also necessary to further improve the vaccination program and enhance the vaccine effect among school-age children.

关 键 词：水痘 突发公共卫生事件 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]