向海湿地鹤类栖息地环境质量与生境选择特性研究  

Study on Habitat Environmental Quality and Habitat Selection of Crane in Xianghai Wetland

作　　者：刘蕾[1] Liu Lei(Bureau of Xianghai National Nature Reserve,Baicheng 137215,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林向海国家级自然保护区管理局,吉林白城137215

出　　处：《黑龙江环境通报》2020年第4期2-3,7,共3页Heilongjiang Environmental Journal

摘　　要：2020年,对向海湿地鹤类核心区进行了环境监测,并对鹤类的生境选择特性进行了分析。结果表明,鹤类分布区域环境人为干扰情况较少,栖息地水质较好,干旱导致湿地浅水沼泽有退化现象,生物多样性遭到一定程度的破坏;丹顶鹤、白鹤、白枕鹤对湿地水源区域依赖性较强,白头鹤、灰鹤在旱地生境有很强的适应性,在农田采食概率相对较高。应加强湿地水资源调配,增加湿地补水,清除区内非法围堰,使水资源漫散进入湿地,提高水源利用率。进一步做好湿地监管与保护,防止湿地开垦、非法捕捞等对环境的破坏,加强与农户的沟通,加快生态补偿工作的跟进,多形式加强环境保护宣传,提高人们爱护野生动物、保护环境的责任意识。In 2020,environmental monitoring was carried out in the core area of Xianghai Wetland for cranes,and the habitat selection characteristics of cranes were analyzed.The results showed that there was less human disturbance in the crane distribution area,and the habitat water quality was good.Due to drought,the shallow water marsh was degraded,and the biodiversity was damaged to a certain extent.Red-crowned cranes,Siberian cranes and white-naped cranes are highly dependent on the wetland water source area.White-headed cranes and gray cranes have strong adaptability to dry land and have a relatively high probability of feeding in farmland.The problems existing in xianghai wetland environment were put forward and the protection countermeasures such as strengthening wetland water resources allocation were put forward.We will further do well in wetland supervision and protection,prevent environmental damage caused by wetland reclamation and illegal fishing,strengthen communication with farmers,speed up the follow-up of ecological compensation,strengthen environmental protection publicity in various forms,and improve people’s sense of responsibility for protecting wild animals and the environment.

关 键 词：向海湿地 环境监测 鹤类 生境选择 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]