壮药材“滇桂艾纳香”常混淆的基原植物假东风草和东风草的鉴别研究  

Identification of the Original Plant of Blumea megacephala(Randeria)Chang et Tseng confused with B.riparia(Bl.)DC.of Zhuang herbs“Dianguiainaxiang”

作　　者：苏宏娜 李学学 孔苑琳 李莹 李文兵 农常东 李修善 刘圆 SU Hongna;LI Xuexue;KONG Yuanlin;LI Ying;LI Wenbing;NONG Changdong;LI Xiushan;LIU Yuan(College of Pharmacy,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610225,China;Sichuan Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology Engineering Laboratory,Chengdu 610225,China;Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Research,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610225,China;Guangxi Wanshou Tang Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd,Nanning 530000,China;Ethnic Medicine Institute,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610225,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学药学院,成都610225 [2]四川省羌彝药用资源保护与利用技术工程实验室,成都610225 [3]西南民族大学青藏高原研究院,成都610225 [4]广西万寿堂药业有限公司,南宁530000 [5]西南民族大学民族医药研究院,成都610225

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第2期57-68,共12页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1708005);四川省科技计划项目(2021YFS0043);西南民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2020NGD01);广西万寿堂药业有限公司项目(2018).

摘　　要：为快速、准确鉴别壮药材“滇桂艾纳香”两个常混淆的基原植物假东风草和东风草,采用原植物、性状、显微等传统经验鉴别研究,结合薄层色谱、花粉粒研究方法.结果表明:①假东风草和东风草原植物和性状特征可根据花序的大小、疏密或叶柄有无加以区分.②显微组织结构特征可根据叶主脉上突明显与否,主脉维管束差异进行区分.③粉末特征无明显区别.④花粉粒表面特征:假东风草和东风草的花粉粒为球形或近球形,三孔沟萌发孔;假东风草花粉粒表面上刺状突起比东风草更尖,假东风草花粉粒表面孔穴比东风草分布稀疏且没有不规则孔眼;假东风草花粉粒比东风草小,假东风草瘤状凸起比东风草大.因此,假东风草和东风草的原植物、性状、内部显微组织结构、粉末特征、花粉粒表面特征等区别明显,假东风草和东风草应为菊科艾纳香属下两个不同的种.结果可为常用的壮药材假东风草、东风草和“滇桂艾纳香”药材的鉴别提供参考依据.To rapidly identify the original plant of Blumea megacephala(Randeria)Chang et Tseng confused with B.riparia(Bl.)DC.of Zhuang herbs“Dianguiainaxiang”.Traditional experience identification based on origin plant,characteristics and microscopy was adopted and combined with thin layer chromatography and Scanning Electron Microscope.①B.riparia(Bl.)DC.and B.megacephala(Randeria)Chang et Tsengcan be distinguished with the size and density of inflorescence,or with and without the petiole;②Distinguished with microstructure according to whether the main veins of leaves are prominent or not,and the difference of the vascular bundles of main vein;③There was no significant difference on characteristics of the powder;④The shape of both pollen grains are spherical or near spherical with tricolporate sprouting pore.The spine-shaped lump of B.riparia(Bl.)DC.was sharper than that of B.megacephala(Randeria)Chang et Tseng,and the pores on the surface of pollen gain of former without irregular aperture distributed more loosely compared to the latter.The pollen grain of B.riparia(Bl.)DC.was smaller than B.megacephala(Randeria)Chang et Tseng,and the tumor-shaped lump of former was bigger than the latter.There are obvious differences in original plants,characteristics,internal microstructure,powder characteristics and surface characteristics of pollen grains between B.riparia(Bl.)DC.and B.megacephala(Randeria)Chang et Tseng.They should be two different species of Blumea in Compositae.This paper provided a reference for identification of commonly used Zhuang medicinal herbs B.riparia(Bl.)DC.,B.megacephala(Randeria)Chang et Tseng and“Blumeariparia”.It was suggested that further consistent evaluation related to this research should be carried out.

关 键 词：东风草 假东风草 传统经验鉴别 薄层色谱 花粉粒电镜扫描 

分 类 号：R931[医药卫生—生药学]