塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘典型绿洲ET_(0)模型适用性评价及修正  

Adaptability evaluation and modification of ET_(0) models in a typical oases on southern margin of the Taklimakan Desert

作　　者：王大刚 于洋[1,2] 孙凌霄 何婧[1,2] Ireneusz Malik Malgorzata Wistuba 姜逢清 于瑞德 Dagang Wang;Yang Yu;Lingxiao Sun;Jing He;Malik Ireneusz;Wistuba Malgorzata;Fengqing Jiang;Ruide Yu(State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Department of Reconstructing Environmental Change,University of Silesia,Katowice 40866,Poland)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]西里西亚大学环境学院,波兰卡托维兹40866

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2021年第6期41-53,共13页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：中国科学院“西部青年学者”B类项目(2018-XBQNXZ-B-017);新疆维吾尔自治区高层次人才引进工程(Y942171)。

摘　　要：ET_(0)模型在不同地区具有不同的适用性,而对极端干旱的塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘绿洲的ET_(0)模型的适用性研究较为稀缺。利用2006—2014年生长季(4—10月)策勒气象站逐日气象资料,以自动称重式蒸渗仪实测数据为标准,采用最大绝对误差(MAE)、均方根误差(RMSE)、模型效率(EF)和一致性指数(d)4个指标,在日、月时间尺度上评价了6种常用ET_(0)模型在策勒绿洲的适用性,并使用回归修正法和比例修正法分别修正了这6种模型。结果表明:(1)日、月时间尺度上,Hargreaves-Samani(H-S)模型高估程度较大,其余模型均不同程度低估,拟合度由高到低依次为FAO-56PM、Jensen-Haise(J-H)、Priestley-Taylor(P-T)、Makkink、Turc、H-S。(2)所有ET_(0)模型月值变化趋势与蒸渗仪实测值基本一致,除FAO-56PM和Turc模型计算的ET_(0)月值在6月达到峰值外,其余模型均在7月达到峰值,在生长季尺度所有模型ET_(0)月值与蒸渗仪实测值呈显著相关。(3)日、月时间尺度上,回归修正法和比例修正法修正后的ET_(0)模型计算结果与蒸渗仪实测值均呈极显著相关,回归修正法优于比例修正法。(4)相关性分析表明,对策勒绿洲ET_(0)影响由高到低的气象因子依次为Tmean>Tmin>P>Tmax>Rs>U2>RHmean。ET_(0) model has different applicability in different regions,and the applicability of ET_(0) model in the extremely arid oasis in the southern margin of the Taklimakan Desert is relatively scarce.Based on the daily meteorological data of Qira meteorological station during the growing season(April-October)from 2006 to 2014,and the measured data of automatic weighing lysimeter as the standard,the applicability of each model in Qira oasis was evaluated 6 kinds of commonly used ET_(0) models on the daily and monthly time scales by using the four indexes of maximum absolute error(MAE),root mean square error(RMSE),model efficiency(EF)and consistency index(d),and using regression correction method and proportional correction method calibrated ET_(0) methods respectively.The results showed that:(1)Hargreaves-Samani(H-S)was overestimated to a large extent on the daily and monthly time scales,while other models were underestimated to varying degrees.The fitting degree from high to low was FAO-56PM,Jensen-Haise,Priestley-Taylor,Makkink,Turc and H-S.(2)The monthly value variation trend of all ET_(0) models was basically consistent with the lysimeter measured values.Except for the monthly value of ET_(0) calculated by FAO-56PM and TURC models,which reached the peak value in June,the other models all reached the peak value in July.At the scale of growing season,the monthly value of ET_(0) of all models was significantly correlated with the lysimeter measured values.(3)On the daily and monthly time scales,the calculated results of ET_(0) model modified by the regression correction method and the proportional correction method were significantly correlated with the measured values of the lysimeter,and the regression correction method was superior to the proportional correction method.(4)Correlation analysis showed that the main meteorological factors affecting ET_(0) in Qira oasis from high to low were:Tmean>Tmin>P>Tmax>RS>U2>RHmean.

关 键 词：塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘 策勒绿洲 参考作物蒸散发量 适用性评价 模型修正 

分 类 号：S161.4[农业科学—农业气象学]