2019年武汉市血吸虫病疫情监测与风险评估  

Surveillance and evaluation of schistosomiasis in Wuhan City in 2019

作　　者：左玉婷 罗华堂[1] 熊月琳 王帅 王浩[1] 李洋[1] 徐明星[1] ZUO Yu-ting;LUO Hua-tang;XIONG Yue-ling;WANG Shuai;WANG Hao;LI Yang;XU Ming-xing(Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan 430000,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《热带病与寄生虫学》2021年第6期335-339,共5页Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology

基　　金：湖北省卫健委联合项目(WJ2019H399);武汉市卫健委青年项目(WG19Q02)。

摘　　要：目的分析武汉市2019年血吸虫病疫情监测和风险评估资料,掌握疫情动态,为制定消除策略提供依据。方法收集武汉市2019年血吸虫病常规监测、监测点监测、风险监测等疫情资料,对人群、家畜、钉螺、野粪以及环境的监测结果进行分析,对疫情传播风险进行评估。结果武汉市2019年血吸虫病疫情网络直报全年零报告。全市28个监测点共开展本地人群血清学检测15102人,阳性97人,阳性率为0.64%;其中男性阳性率0.87%,高于女性0.41%(X^(2)=65.67,P<0.001);随着年龄增长,血检阳性率呈上升趋势(X^(2)_(趋势)=75.58,P<0.001);阳性率较高的职业依次为渔船民、农民、工人、离退人员。粪检479人,未检出阳性。监测点开展流动人口血检2655人,未发现阳性。牛存栏197头,粪检均未发现阳性。钉螺调查面积1875.33 hm^(2),查出有螺面积731.21 hm^(2),活螺平均密度为0.018只/0.1 m^(2)。野粪采样11份,均未发现阳性。90个风险监测点投放哨鼠240只,采集野粪14份,均未发现阳性;区级血防机构共查螺187987框,活螺平均密度0.0065只/0.1 m^(2);市级复核查螺13877框,活螺平均密度0.0038只/0.1 m^(2),均未发现阳性;风险评估为Ⅲ级(低)风险。结论武汉市血吸虫病传播阻断后疫情持续下降,疫情处于历史最低水平。但钉螺孳生环境依然复杂、高危人群血防意识薄弱、垸内钉螺压缩困难、有螺地带野粪污染等潜在风险不容忽视,应持续强化监测预警,及时消除潜在风险。Objective To analyze the surveillance and risk assessment data of schistosomiasis in Wuhan City in 2019 for understanding the dynamic epidemic status data basis to develop elimination strategies.Methods The data,including regular monitoring,site surveillance and risk monitoring,were collected in Wuhan area in 2019,analyzed the momtoring results of population,livestock,snail,wild feces and environment,and evaluated the risk of epidemic transmission.Results No single case of schistosomiasis was reported by the direct reporting system in Wuhan in 2019.A total of 15102 local residents from the 28 surveillance sites underwent serological test,which revealed positive in 97 people(0.64%).The positive rate was higher in men than in women(0.87%vs.0.41%,X^(2)=65.67,P<0.001),and tended to increase with advanced age group(X^(2)_(trend)=75.58,P<0.001).The occupation associated with relatively higher positive rate successively represented by boat fishermen,farmer,workers and retirees.Stool examination in 479 people showed no positive infection.No positive case was found in the 2655 floating people in the surveillance sites undergone indirect hemagglutination(IHA)test.Stool test of the 197 heads of cattle in stock showed no positive infection.Snail survey was conducted in area of 1875.33 hm^(2),where 731.21 hm^(2) were identified with snail prevalence.The density of living snail was 0.018/0.1 m^(2).There was no positive results in the 11 aliquots of wild feces collected.240 sentinel mice were placed in the risk monitoring sites,and were totally negative by examination.No infection was found in another 14 aliquots of wild feces.A total of 187987 frames of snail were inspected by district level institution,with an average density of the snail were 0.0065/0.1m^(2).A total of 13877 frames of snail were inspected by municipal level institution,with an average density of the snail were 0.0038/0.1 m^(2),and no positive snails were detected.Risk assessment was concluded as classⅢ(low risk).Conclusion The epidemic of schistosomiasis c

关 键 词：血吸虫病 监测 风险评估 武汉市 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]