“试点”模式下财政支持型巨灾保险法治化的中国路径  

China’s Path to Rule of Law for Fiscally Supported Catastrophe Insurance under‘Pilot’Mode

作　　者：吴伟达 江利杰 Wu Weida;Jiang Lijie

机构地区：[1]浙江财经大学法学院

出　　处：《宏观经济研究》2021年第11期34-47,共14页Macroeconomics

摘　　要：将"试点"作为巨灾保险制度化的前提,是现阶段中国国情选择的结果。这一选择虽与域外法治实践存在差异,但与法治本身不存在冲突。"试点"模式存在的不足之处在于制度内容生成方面的试行与试错,在"试点"之初伴随着决策风险。在财政领域表现为规范性与公平性程度不足问题,保险领域则表现为政策引导不足与政府主导现象并存。因此,对横跨财政与保险两大领域的财政支持型巨灾保险的"试点",我们更应关注其法治化进程。一方面要遵循财政法治的总要求;另一方面,要坚持政府介入市场的适度性原则,避免损害保险市场的健康发展。同时,将"试点"模式下巨灾保险制度法治化纳入财政领域改革总体进程之中,并在"宏观基金—中观项目—微观标准"基本框架下完善。The premise of‘pilot’as the institutionalization of catastrophe insurance is the result of the choice of China’s national conditions at this stage.Although this choice differs from the rule of law practice in other countries,it does not conflict with the rule of law itself.The shortcomings of the‘pilot’mode lie in the attempted execution and attempted error in generating the content of the system,and in the risk of decision-making at the beginning of the‘pilot’.In the fiscal sector,this is reflected in the lack of regulation and fairness,while in the insurance sector,it is reflected in the lack of policy guidance and government domination.Therefore,we should pay more attention to the process of rule of law for the‘pilot’of fiscally supported catastrophe insurance,which straddles two fields:fiscal and insurance.On the one hand,it should follow the general requirement of fiscal rule of law;on the other hand,it should adhere to the principle of appropriateness of government intervention in the market to avoid harming the healthy development of the insurance market.At the same time,the rule of law of catastrophe insurance system under the‘pilot’mode should be incorporated into the overall process of fiscal reform and improved under the basic framework of‘macro fund-meso project-micro standard’.

关 键 词：巨灾保险 “试点”机制 财政法治 财政公平 

分 类 号：F842.64[经济管理—保险] F812[政治法律—经济法学] D922.284[政治法律—法学]