一年生辣椒对象耳豆根结线虫的抗性生理机制分析  

The Physiological Mechanism of Meloidogyne enterolobii Resistance in Capsicum annuum

作　　者：张礼萌 姜秉政 苗悦 朱婕[1] Zhang Limeng;Jiang Bingzheng;Miao Yue;Zhu Jie(College of Horticulture,Hainan University,Haikou,570228)

机构地区：[1]海南大学园艺学院,海口570228

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2021年第23期7923-7931,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(31760574)资助。

摘　　要：象耳豆根结线虫(Meloidogyne enterolobii)易侵染辣椒,从而引起大幅减产。探索辣椒对象耳豆根结线虫的抗性机理机制对有效防治该病害具有重要意义。为此,本研究采用苗期人工接种法对23份一年生辣椒(Capsicum annuum)材料进行象耳豆根结线虫抗性鉴定,通过计算根结指数、卵粒指数、病情指数、每克根卵数、繁殖系数和生殖指数这几个抗性指标的综合隶属函数值对抗病性进行综合评估,筛选出5份综合抗性最强的种质,分别为06Ca6-S、06Ca42-2、06Ca35-2、06Ca44M和06Ca31-1S;为探索辣椒抗根结线虫的组织学机理,选取抗病种质06Ca6-S和感病种质06Ca14-S,对接种0、5、10、15、22、30 d的根系进行染色,观测不同发育阶段的根结线虫数量,发现抗病种质06Ca6-S能抵抗二龄幼虫的侵入,并对根系内幼虫的发育有明显抑制作用;为探索抗病生理生化机制,测定了抗、感辣椒种质接种后不同时间点的PPO、PAL和POD活性,发现抗病种质06Ca6-S接种后PPO和PAL均有一定程度的升高,而POD活性总体低于感病种质,推测感病种质能产生更多的活性氧,故而起活性氧清除作用的POD活性更高。说明防御酶活性变化能在一定程度上解释辣椒抗根结线虫能力的差异。本研究取得的这些结果可为进一步深入探索象耳豆根结线虫抗性机理奠定基础,为辣椒的根结线虫防治和抗性育种工作提供理论依据。Capsicum annuum is very susceptible to Meloidogyne enterolobii which could easily affect its production.Exploring the resistance mechanism to M.enterolobii is of importance to the control of this disease.Therefore,in this study,twenty-three C.annuum germplasms were evaluated for M.enterolobii resistance.Comprehensive evaluation of resistance was realized through calculating subordinate function values of gall index,egg-mass index,disease index,egg number per gram root,reproduction factor and reproduction index to screen out five most resistant lines,06 Ca6-S,06 Ca42-2,06 Ca35-2,06 Ca44 M and 06 Ca31-1 S.Resistant 06 Ca6-S and susceptible06 Ca14-S were selected to detect the dynamic development of juveniles after inoculating for 0,5,10,15,22 and30 days.Resistant 06 Ca6-S was found inhibit both invasion and development of juveniles.The activities of PPO,PAL and POD were measured to explore the changing module of defensive enzymes after inoculation.The activities of PPO and PAL were rais ed after inoculation in resistant 06 Ca6-S.Whereas,the POD activities in susceptible 06 Ca14-S were higher than in the resistant line.It was speculated that there were higher reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the susceptible line,so the POD in it was higher to eliminate the superfluous ROS.The dynamic changes of defensive enzymes in resistant and susceptible germplasms could partially explain the difference in nematode resistance.These findings could lay foundation for in-depth exploration on M.enterolobii resistance mechanism,and supply theoretical gist in the M.enterolobii control and resistance breeding thereafter.

关 键 词：一年生辣椒 象耳豆根结线虫 抗性评价 组织学分析 防御酶 

分 类 号：S436.418[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]