水声覆盖层低频耦合吸声机理及调控规律研究  

Low Frequency Coupling Sound Absorption Mechanism and Regulation Law of Underwater Acoustic Coating

作　　者：王佳蓓 周浩[1] WANG Jia-bei;ZHOU Hao(College of Weaponry Engineering,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学兵器工程学院,湖北武汉430033

出　　处：《水下无人系统学报》2021年第6期775-781,共7页Journal of Unmanned Undersea Systems

摘　　要：水声覆盖层对于水下航行器声隐身性能的影响重大。为增强水声覆盖层的低频吸声性能,基于有限元法建立了局域共振结构内嵌到空腔型覆盖层中的复合模型,研究了其在10~2000 Hz频段内的吸声性能,采用局域共振理论分析复合模型中薄膜质量块的结构振型,结合复合模型中空腔型覆盖层的振动位移云图分析了复合模型的吸声机理。此外,通过调整模型的几何参数,得到影响吸声性能变化的规律。研究结果表明:1)空腔型覆盖层与局域共振结构的耦合可提高低频吸声效果,拓宽吸声频带;2)复合结构的吸声机理为,下半部分空腔变形实现纵波向横波的转化,局域共振结构的向上振动消耗声能,二者共同作用,提高吸声系数;3)耦合产生的吸声峰,其峰值主要随覆盖层损耗因子的增大而增大,其频率主要随薄膜面积的增大而向高频移动。研究结果可为声学覆盖层的设计提供理论依据。The underwater acoustic coating has a significant influence on the acoustic stealth performance of underwater vehicles.To enhance the low-frequency sound absorption performance of the underwater acoustic coating,a composite model with a local resonance structure embedded into the cavity-type coating is established based on the finite element method,and its sound absorption performance is studied in the 10-2000 Hz band.The structural vibration mode of the film quality of the composite model is analyzed using local resonance theory.The sound absorption mechanism of the composite model is analyzed in combination with the vibration displacement contour of the cavity-type coating.In addi-tion,by adjusting the geometric parameters of the model,the law affecting the change in sound absorption performance is obtained.The results show that:1)the coupling between the cavity-type coating and the local resonance structure can improve the low-frequency sound absorption effect and widen the sound absorption band;2)the sound absorption mechanism of the composite structure is as follows:the cavity in the lower part deforms to realize the transformation of P-wave to S-wave and the upward vibration of the local resonance structure consumes sound energy,which work to-gether to improve the sound absorption coefficient;3)the sound absorption peak generated by coupling mainly increases with the increase in the loss factor of the coating,and the frequency of the sound absorption peak mainly moves to a high frequency with an increase in the film area.

关 键 词：水声覆盖层 低频耦合 局域共振 振动位移 吸声 

分 类 号：TJ630.1[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程] TB566[交通运输工程—水声工程]