条华蜗牛在不同树种上的栖息分布习性  

The distribution habits of Cathaica fasciola on different tree species

作　　者：张民照[1] 覃晓春[1] 闫哲 石锐竹 高雪 ZHANG Minzhao;QIN Xiaochun;YAN Zhe;SHI Ruizhu;GAO Xue(Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(North China),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部华北都市农业重点实验室,北京农学院,北京102206

出　　处：《生态科学》2021年第6期191-196,共6页Ecological Science

基　　金：北京市农委项目“北京市农委16年北农‘菜篮子’新型生产经营主体提升项目”(201603)。

摘　　要：为了解条华蜗牛在田间常见树种上栖息分布习性,给蜗牛预测预报与防治提供依据,用随机取样法对条华蜗牛在30种不同树上的分布进行调查,并用经典聚集度指标及回归分析测定在槐树上空间分布情况。结果发现,在30种树上,条华蜗牛连续两年(2013—2014年)在槐树上分布数量最多,分别为5.30头·树^(-1)、4.90头·树^(-1),分布最少的是核桃和板栗,都为0.10头·树^(-1),显著低于其他树种上的(P<0.05)。2013年在多个种树上的栖息量明显多于2014年的。条华蜗牛在槐树五个树干高度段分布数量随树干高度有增加趋势,最高树干段(200—250 cm)栖息数量显著多于最低段(0—50 cm)上的,树干高度与蜗牛栖息数量呈显著正相关,说明条华蜗牛在槐树树干上分布有趋高性。条华蜗牛连续两年(2014—2015年)在槐树上栖息数量动态趋势相似,基本都是6—8月多于其他月份的,但两年高峰期有所差异,分别在7月下旬、8月中旬。用6个经典聚集度指标及Taylor幂法则和Iwao回归分析表明条华蜗牛在槐树上均符合聚集分布的判断。Blackith聚集均数λ都大于2,说明在槐树上的聚集由蜗牛自身生物学习性与环境条件共同作用所致。In order to understand the distribution habits of Cathaica fasciola on common tree species to provide information for snail prediction and control,the distribution of C.fasciola on 30 different trees was investigated by random sampling method and the spatial distribution pattern on Sophora japonica was analyzed with six aggregation indexes and two regression models.The results showed that the numbers of snails distributed on S.japonica were the largest among 30 different trees,which was 5.30 and 4.90 individuals per tree for two consecutive years(2013-2014),respectively,while the numbers distributed on walnuts and chestnuts trees were the least,both were 0.01 individuals per tree and significantly lower than those on other trees(P<0.05).The snail numbers for most trees in 2013 were obviously more than those in 2014.The numbers of snails distributed on the five height segments of S.japonica increased with the height of tree trunk,and the snails distributed on the highest stem segment(200-250 cm)were significantly more than those in the lowest one(0-50 cm).There was a significant positive correlation between the height of tree trunk and the snail number,indicating that the snails distributed on the tree trunk tended to climb to a higher place.In two consecutive years(2014-2015),the dynamic trends of the snails inhabited on S.japonica were similar,more snails were found on the trees from June to August than those in other moths,but the snail number peaks of the two consecutive years were different,which was in late July and mid August,respectively.The spatial distribution patterns of C.fasciola on S.japonica analyzed with six aggregation indexes,Iwao’s distribution function and Taylor’s power law all tended to be an aggregated distribution.The Blackith aggregation means(λ)were all greater than 2,indicating that the aggregation of C.fasciola on S.japonica might be due to the synergistic effects of the snail biological habitats and/or environmental factors.

关 键 词：条华蜗牛 栖息习性 槐树 种群动态 空间分布型 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]