汉语同源异形典故词语的界定、类型与形成机制  

On the Definition,Type and Formation Mechanism of Chinese Allusion Words with Different Forms

作　　者：王砚文 Wang Yanwen(School of Humanities and Foreign Language,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266525,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学人文与外国语学院,山东青岛266525

出　　处：《现代语文》2021年第12期33-38,共6页Modern Chinese

摘　　要：汉语词汇中的典故词语来源于古典文献,同一个典源可以衍生出形式不同、而在意义上具有一定内在联系的典形,即同源异形典故词语。就意义层面而言,这类典故词语可以区分为两种类型:一是意义相同的,同时在形式上又有所变化:即改换词素、调整语序和增减音节;二是意义不同的,这主要是由于语言使用者为适应表达需要,从典源中提取的要素具有选择上的差异性。同源异形典故词语的形成机制主要体现在语境的限制、语用功能的不同和色彩意义的改变。了解同源异形典故词语,有助于对辞典编纂工作提出相应对策,同时应防止语言使用者割裂典形与典源之间的关系,以免造成误解。Chinese allusion words come from the classical literature,the allusion words with different form but meaning connected can be derived from same source.Such allusions can be divided into two categories of the same meaning and different meanings from the meaning angle,the former one has difference of morpheme,word order and the addition and subtraction of syllables;the latter one is due to the selective differences extracted by the language users from the classical sources in order to adapt to the expression.The formation mechanism lies in the limitations of the language environment,the different pragmatic functions and the change of the color meanings from different perspective of language use.It is helpful to supplement the research on the dictionary compilation,to avoid language users to separate the relationship between form and meaning,so that cause misunderstandings.

关 键 词：典故词语 同源异形 界定 类型 形成机制 

分 类 号：H13[语言文字—汉语]