船源微塑料海洋污染问题及对策研究  

Research on the Problems and Countermeasures of Marine Pollution from Ship-sourced Microplastics

作　　者：薛青青 陈荣昌[1,2] XUE Qingqing;CHEN Rongchang(Research Institute of Water Transport,Ministry of Transport,Beijing 100088,China;Demonstration International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Waterway Transport Pollution Prevention and Treatment and Emergency Technology for Major Accidents,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部水运科学研究院,北京100088 [2]水路运输污染防治和重特大事故应急技术示范型国际科技合作基地,北京100088

出　　处：《交通节能与环保》2021年第6期33-36,共4页Transport Energy Conservation & Environmental Protection

摘　　要：本文分析了捕鱼及水产养殖、船舶涂层及船体刮屑、船舶垃圾及废水等船舶微塑料污染的可能来源,研究了船舶微塑料污染防治的相关国际公约和法规标准,指出了目前在船源微塑料污染防治方面存在的管理和技术等方面的问题。从完善公约及法规要求、加强塑料垃圾的源头管理、加强渔船渔具管理、优化港口接收设施建设、加强行业自律和国际合作等方面提出了防治船源微塑料海洋污染的对策建议。This article analyzes the possible sources of microplastic pollution from ships such as fishing and aquaculture,ship coatings and hull scraps,ship garbage and wastewater,and studies relevant international conventions,regulations and standards for the prevention and control of ship microplastic pollution,and points out the situations that there are management and technical problems in the prevention and control of ship-sourced microplastics pollution at present.From the points of improving the requirements of the convention and regulations,strengthening the source management of plastic waste,highlighting the management of fishing boats and fishing gear,optimizing the construction of port reception facilities,strengthening industry self-discipline and international cooperation,countermeasures and suggestions for preventing and controlling marine pollution of ship-sourced microplastics have been put forward.

关 键 词：海洋污染 船舶垃圾 微塑料 对策措施 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]