基于使用场景的时间扩展EFSM建模与完整性验证  

Time-Extended EFSM Modeling and Integrity Verification Based on Usage Scenarios

作　　者：刘卓媛 尤枫[1] 赵瑞莲[1] 尚颖[1] LIU Zhuo-Yuan;YOU Feng;ZHAO Rui-Lian;SHANG Ying(School of Information Science and Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology University,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学信息科学与技术学院,北京100029

出　　处：《计算机系统应用》2021年第12期163-171,共9页Computer Systems & Applications

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62077003,6187202)。

摘　　要：为了提高嵌入式实时系统软件的质量和可靠性,采用基于模型的软件测试方法是最有效的途径之一.但是,由于该类软件具有实时特性且十分复杂,一般的模型通常缺乏对其实时特性以及软件行为的描述,且需要丰富的专业领域知识才能将其建立的较为精确完整,导致建模的难度和成本增加,难以保证测试的充分性和有效性.使用场景是用户与软件之间的交互实例,详细描述了软件的系统行为而不关注其内部的复杂结构.因此,为了降低建模的难度,本文基于使用场景的规范化表示Scene来构建模型,并使用时间扩展EFSM模型来描述该类软件的实时特性;为了保证所建模型的完整性,本文设计了模型完整性评估准则,通过验证模型迁移中约束条件的完整性来确定模型是否完整的表征了系统的行为;针对不完整的模型,根据约束条件设计了待补全迁移生成策略生成待补全迁移,并通过动态模拟模型的可行迁移序列执行过程将其补全到模型中,以提高模型的完整性.最后,本文针对4个嵌入式实时系统软件构建时间扩展EFSM模型并进行了一系列的实验.实验表明,本文提出的方法不仅有效的构建了模型,而且能够将生成的待补全迁移有效补全到模型中,进一步提高了模型的完整性.The model-based software testing method is one of the most effective ways to improve the quality and reliability of embedded real-time system software.However,general models usually lack the description of their real-time characteristics and software behavior for the reason that this type of software is complicated with the real-time characteristics.As a result,a wealth of professional domain knowledge is required to build them more accurately and completely.This gives modeling a rise in difficulty and cost.It is thus difficult to guarantee the adequacy and effectiveness of the test.The usage scenario is an example of the interaction between the user and the software,which describes the system behavior of the software in detail without paying attention to its internal complex structure.Therefore,to reduce the difficulty of modeling,this study builds the model based on the standardized representation of the usage scenario and uses the time-extended EFSM model to describe the real-time characteristics of this type of software;to ensure the integrity of the model,this study designs the evaluation criteria for model integrity to determine whether the model fully characterizes the behavior of the system by verifying the integrity of the constraints in the model transitions;for the incomplete model,a to-be-completed transition generation strategy is designed according to the constraints to generate the to-be-completed transition,and it is completed into the model through the execution process of the feasible transition sequence of the dynamic simulation model to enhance model integrity;finally,this study builds a time-extended EFSM model for four pieces ofembedded real-time system software and carries out a series of experiments.Experiments show that the method proposed in this study can not only build the model but also complement the generated to-becompleted transitions to the model,further improving model integrity.

关 键 词：使用场景 时间约束 时间扩展EFSM 模型完整性验证 

分 类 号：TP311.53[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]