2018 - 2020年贵州省鼠疫监测结果分析  

Analysis of plague monitoring results from 2018 to 2020 in Guizhou Province

作　　者：龚晓俊[1] 黄红武[1] 陶莹 曹兵 卢青 邹志霆[1] Gong Xiaojun;Huang Hongwu;Tao Ying;Cao Bing;Lu Qing;Zou Zhiting(Vectors Control Section,Institute of Infectious Disease,Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Guiyang 550004,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省疾病预防控制中心传染病防治研究所病媒防治科,贵阳550004

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2021年第12期979-982,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：贵州省卫生健康委基金(GZWJKJ2020-1-202)。

摘　　要：目的分析贵州省鼠疫疫源地监测结果, 掌握当地鼠疫疫情动态, 以便制订防控措施。方法于中国疾病预防控制信息系统鼠疫防治信息管理系统, 收集2018 - 2020年贵州省鼠疫监测点的鼠疫监测数据, 分析贵州省鼠疫疫情。监测数据中鼠类动物捕获方法为笼夹法、5 m笼夹法和逐日捕鼠法, 实验室检测采用细菌培养法和血球凝集法。结果室内采用笼夹法共捕获鼠类动物2 273只, 以褐家鼠为优势种, 占47.29%(1 075/2 273);黄胸鼠和小家鼠为常见种, 分别占43.55%(990/2 273)和5.10%(116/2 273)。室外采用5 m笼夹法共捕获鼠类动物1 460只, 以斯氏家鼠为优势种, 占35.48%(518/1 460);黄胸鼠和大绒鼠为常见种, 分别占16.03%(234/1 460)和8.70%(127/1 460)。共检查鼠类动物5 742只(其中包括笼夹法和5 m笼夹法捕获的3 733只以及逐日捕鼠法捕获的2 009只), 检出带蚤鼠类动物1 176只, 鼠体染蚤率为20.48%;印鼠客蚤占56.63%(3 020/5 333), 为优势蚤种, 印鼠客蚤指数为0.53。实验室检测结果均为阴性。结论贵州省鼠疫疫源地仍然处于静息状态, 但不能排除复燃的可能。应进一步加强鼠疫监测工作, 提高鼠疫监测质量, 做好健康教育宣传, 严防人间鼠疫暴发流行。Objective To analyze the monitoring results of plague foci in Guizhou Province,to master the epidemic dynamics of the plague and to formulate the prevention and control measures.Methods The plague monitoring data from 2018 to 2020 in Guizhou Province were collected from China Disease Prevention and Control Information System Plague Prevention and Control Information Management System to analyze the plague epidemic situation.The murine animals capture methods used were cage clip method,5 m cage clip method and day-by-day rodent capture method.Bacterial culture and hemagglutination were used in laboratory.Results A total of 2273 murine animals were captured indoors with cage clip method,and the Rattus norvegicus was the dominant species,accounting for 47.29%(1075/2273),Rattus flavipectus and Mus musculus were common species,accounting for 43.55%(990/2273)and 5.10%(116/2273).A total of 1460 murine animals were captured outdoors with 5 m cage clip method,and the Rattus rattus sladoni was the dominant species,accounting for 35.48%(518/1460),Rattus flavipectus and Eothenomys miletus were common species,accounting for 16.03%(234/1460)and 8.70%(127/1460).A total of 5742 murine animals(including 3733 animals captured with cage clip method and 5 m cage clip method,2009 animals captured with day-by-day rodent capture method)were examined and 1176 with flea,the flea infestation rate of murine animals was 20.48%,Xenopsylla cheopi was the dominant flea species[56.63%(3020/5333)]and the index was 0.53.Laboratory test results were all negative.Conclusions The plague foci of Guizhou Province is at a quiescent stage,but the reignition cannot be ruled out.The monitoring of plague should be strengthened,the quality of the monitoring should be improved,and health education and publicity should be carried out to prevent the occurrence of human plague outbreaks.

关 键 词：鼠疫 监测 分析 

分 类 号：R516.8[医药卫生—内科学]