喜马拉雅旱獭适生地识别与监测研究进展  

Research progress on identification and monitoring of the appropriate habitat of Himalayan marmot

作　　者：栾淑丽 任红艳[2] 施润和[1,3,4] Luan Shuli;Ren Hongyan;Shi Runhe(State Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science,Ministry of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;School of Geographic Sciences,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;Joint Laboratory for Environmental Remote Sensing and Data Assimilation,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学地理信息科学教育部重点实验室,上海200241 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京100101 [3]华东师范大学地理科学学院,上海200241 [4]华东师范大学环境遥感与数据同化联合实验室,上海200241

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2021年第12期1024-1030,共7页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0607);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目"大数据驱动下自然资源生态安全预测预警预案研究"(19JZD023)。

摘　　要：青藏高原地区是我国主要的鼠疫疫源地之一, 喜马拉雅旱獭(以下简称旱獭)是该疫源地的主要宿主动物, 加强青藏高原地区旱獭适生地识别与监测是积极预防与有效控制旱獭鼠疫流行的重要基础, 空间信息技术是开展旱獭适生地快速识别和有效监测研究的重要手段。本文梳理了影响旱獭适生地分布格局的地形地貌、土壤属性、植被类型与覆盖、气候条件以及人类活动等因素, 回顾并总结了基于遥感、地理信息系统等空间信息技术识别、监测旱獭适生地等相关研究的进展与不足, 同时结合新兴的低空遥感、众源数据获取、机器学习等大数据挖掘方法和技术, 从多源数据化、融合新兴技术、评价体系全面化等方面探讨了未来运用空间信息技术开展旱獭适生地的快速识别和有效监测研究的新思路, 以期为全球气候不断变化和人类活动持续加剧背景下的青藏高原地区旱獭鼠疫流行风险预测预警和有效防控提供技术支撑。Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is one of the major plague foci in China.Himalayan marmot(hereinafter referred to as the marmot)is the main host animals of the foci.Effective identification and monitoring of its habitat in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is important for active prevention and effective control of the marmot plague epidemic.Spatial information technology is an important means for rapid identification and effective monitoring of marmot.This review analyzed the factors that affect the distribution patterns of marmot habitat,including topographical features,soil properties,vegetation types and cover,climatic conditions and human activities,and reviewed and summarized the progress and shortcomings of relevant research on identifying and monitoring marmot habitat based on spatial information technologies such as remote sensing and geographic information system.Meanwhile,combined with the emerging low-altitude remote sensing,crowdsource data acquisition,machine learning and other big data mining methods,from the perspective of multi-source data,integration of emerging technologies and comprehensive evaluation system,the new ideas of using spatial information technology to quickly identify and effectively monitor the habitat of marmot,was discussed.It is expected to provide technical support for prediction and effective control of marmot plague in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau under the background of changing global climate and increasing human activities.

关 键 词：青藏高原 喜马拉雅旱獭 适生地 遥感 地理信息系统 

分 类 号：R516.8[医药卫生—内科学]