低温焦硫酸钾焙烧选择性回收退役三元锂电池中的锂  

Selective Recovery of Lithium from Spent Ternary Lithium Batteries by Roasting with Potassium Pyrosulphate at Low Temperature

作　　者：姬海燕 刘家印 张捷菲 米雪 刘春力 谢满华 JI Hai-yan;LIU Jia-yin;ZHANG Jie-fei;MI Xue;LIU Chun-li;XIE Man-hua(School of Environment and Chemical Engineering,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China;School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学环境与化学工程学院,南昌330063 [2]南昌航空大学建筑工程学院,南昌330063

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2021年第12期51-56,共6页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1907904)。

摘　　要：通过低温焦硫酸钾焙烧与盐溶液浸出复合,实现了退役三元锂电池正极材料中锂的选择性回收。系统研究了焙烧温度、焦硫酸钾与正极材料质量比、焙烧时间对锂、钴、镍、锰回收效果的影响和作用机制。结果表明,在焙烧温度350℃、正极材料与焦硫酸钾质量比1∶2、焙烧时间60min的条件下,再经草酸钾水溶液浸出后,锂的回收率达到97.21%,镍的浸出率为2.61%,钴的浸出率为3.1%,锰的浸出率为10.8%。同时,采用XRD、SEM和EDS表征焙烧前后材料的晶体结构、表面形貌以及元素组成变化,阐明了焦硫酸钾焙烧过程中锂、钴、镍、锰的相转化机制。与传统湿法、火法和生物冶金法相比,该回收技术低能耗、应用前景广阔。Selective recovery of lithium from cathode materials of spent ternary lithium battery was realized by combining low-temperature potassium pyrosulphate roasting with salt solution leaching.Effects of roasting temperature,mass ratio of potassium pyrosulphate to cathode material,and roasting time on recovery of lithium,cobalt,nickel and manganese were systematically studied.The results show that recovery of Li,Ni,Co and Mn is 97.21%,2.61%,3.1%and 10.8%,respectively,after leaching with potassium oxalate solution under the conditions including roasting temperature of 350℃,mass ratio of cathode material to potassium pyrosulfate of 1∶2,and roasting time of 60 min.At the same time,XRD,SEM and EDS were used to characterize crystal structure,surface morphology and elemental composition changes of the materials before and after roasting.Phase transformation mechanism of lithium,cobalt,nickel and manganese during calcination process of potassium pyrosulphate is further clarified.Compared with traditional wet process,pyrogenic process and biological metallurgy process,this recovery technology has the characteristics of low energy consumption and high application prospect.

关 键 词：退役三元锂电池 焦硫酸钾 低温焙烧 草酸钾浸出 选择性回收 

分 类 号：X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]