乌鲁木齐市活禽市场环境源H5N8亚型高致病性禽流感病毒的遗传进化分析  

Geneticevolution analysis of highly pathogenic avian H5N8 influenza viruses from the external environments in Urumqi live poultry market

作　　者：贠丰泽 阿木提喀日·马木提 张成 常娜娜 苏斌杰 毕玉海 马正海[1] YUN Fengze;MAMUTI Amutikari;ZHANG Cheng;CHANG Nana;SU Binjie;BI Yuhai;MA Zhenghai(Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Engineering,College of Life Science and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China;Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning,CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology,Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学,生命科学与技术学院/新疆生物资源基因工程重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]中国科学院微生物研究所/病原微生物与免疫学重点实验室/流感研究与预警中心,北京100101

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2021年第12期2391-2398,共8页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41761096);新疆上海合作组织科技伙伴计划资助项目(2017E01022);国家科技重大专项资助项目(2018ZX10101004);国家级大学生创新训练资助项目(202010755057)。

摘　　要：为分析新疆乌鲁木齐市活禽市场外环境中禽流感病毒(avian influenza virus,AIV)的遗传特征,于乌鲁木齐市某活禽市场采集环境样品,经接种鸡胚、血凝试验和RT-PCR等方法分离鉴定AIV,病毒全基因组扩增、测序后进行系统进化和分子特征分析。结果显示,从2016年外环境样品分离到2株H5N8 AIVs,其各基因的一致性为85.9%~100.0%,除NA和NS之外的6个基因均聚在不同分支,2株病毒存在差异。同时,2株病毒也存在明显共性,除1株病毒的PB2与山东野鸭中分离的H5N1 AIVs一致性最高并与华东地区家鸭中分离的H5N8 AIVs聚在同一分支之外,其余基因均与2016年底至2017年初自西藏、内蒙古和江苏等地外环境中分离的H5N8 AIVs的相应基因遗传距离最近,并有多个基因与2010-2012年华东地区家鸭中分离的H5N8 AIVs的遗传距离较近。2株分离病毒的HA裂解位点均含5个连续的碱性氨基酸,为高致病性,病毒基因发生的多个突变可增强病毒的毒力和致病力。结果表明,分离的2株高致病性H5N8 AIVs与2016-2017年国内多地外环境以及2010-2012年华东家鸭中分离的H5N8 AIVs的遗传关系较近。To analyze genetic characteristics of avian influenza virus(AIVs)from the external environments in Urumqi live poultry market(LPM),the environmental samples were collected from a LPM in Urumqi,AIVs were isolated and identified by inoculation of chicken embryo,hemagglutination test and RT-PCR,the viral whole genomes were amplified and sequenced,and then the phylogenetic and molecular characteristics were analyzed.Two strains of H5 N8 AIV were isolated from the environmental samples,the identities between the genes of the isolates ranged from 85.9%to 100.0%,and all the six viral genes except NA and NS were clustered in different branches,so there were differences between the two isolates.Meanwhile,the two isolates also had obvious commonalities,except PB2 of one isolate had the highest identity with H5 N1 AIVs isolated from wild ducks in Shandong,and was clustered into one branch with H5 N8 AIVs isolated from domestic ducks in East China,the rest of the viral genes all had the closest genetic relationship with H5 N8 AIVs isolated from the external environment in Tibet,Inner Mongolia,Jiangsu,etc.during the end of 2016 to the beginning of 2017,and several genes of the isolates also had relatively close genetic relationship with H5 N8 AIVs isolated from domestic ducks in East China during 2010 to 2012.The viral HA cleavage site contained five consecutive basic amino acid residues,which was highly pathogenic AIVs(HPAIVs),and the multiple mutations in several viral genes could enhance the viral virulence and pathogenicity.These results suggest that the two strains of H5 N8 AIV isolated from LPM are highly pathogenic,and have relatively close genetic relationship with H5 N8 AIVs isolated from the external environment in many regions in China during 2016 to2017 and domestic ducks in East China during 2010 to 2012.

关 键 词：禽流感病毒 H5N8 活禽市场 外环境 遗传进化 

分 类 号：S852[农业科学—基础兽医学] R535[农业科学—兽医学]