云南省畜禽细菌耐药基因分布特征  

Distribution characteristics of antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria from livestock and poultry in Yunnan Province

作　　者：李富祥[1] 王慧辉 赵文华[1] 高华峰[1] 宋建领[1] 王生奎[2] 杨仕标[1] LI Fuxiang;WANG Huihui;ZHAO Wenhua;GAO Huafeng;SONG Jianling;WANG Shengkui;YANG Shibiao(l.Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Virus Diseases Laboratory,Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute,Kunming 650224,China;College of Veterinary Medicine,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省畜牧兽医科学院,云南省热带亚热带动物病毒病重点实验室,云南昆明650224 [2]云南农业大学动物医学学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2021年第12期2454-2460,共7页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：云南省创新人才计划资助项目(2017HB090);云南省重大科技专项计划资助项目(202102AE090039);云南省农业厅畜禽种质创新及标准化养殖技术推广专项资助项目。

摘　　要：为了解云南省畜禽细菌耐药基因分布特征,采用PCR方法检测94株畜禽细菌中β-内酰胺类、四环素类、磺胺类、大环内酯类、喹诺酮类、氨基糖苷类、磺胺类和氯霉素类共23种耐药基因。结果显示,共检测到23种耐药基因,其中aacA4(90.43%)基因检出率最高,其次是floR(87.23%)、tetA(80.85%)、qnrS(77.66%)、qnrD(74.47%)、tetM(71.28%)、sul2(69.15%)、aadA1(53.19%)、bla;(45.74%)、sul1(40.43%)和sul2(38.30%)。携带8种及8种以上耐药基因的菌株比例为73.40%,其中携带耐药基因数最多(14种)的菌株比例为2.13%。地域分布上,保山市畜禽细菌耐药基因的种类(20.00种)和每株细菌平均携带耐药基因数量(11.24种)均高于红河州、昆明市、普洱市和楚雄州;畜禽品种分布上,鸡细菌耐药基因的种类(22.00种)和每株细菌平均携带耐药基因数量(9.11种)均高于猪、牛和羊。本研究结果表明,aacA4、floR、tetA、qnrS、qnrD、tetM、sul2、aadA1和bla;等多种耐药基因广泛分布于云南省畜禽细菌,不同地区、不同种类畜禽和不同种类细菌耐药基因的分布存在差异。本研究结果对云南省畜禽养殖场兽用抗生素的科学合理应用具有重要的指导意义。To understand the distribution characteristics of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs) in bacteria from livestock and poultry in Yunnan Province.PCR was performed to detect the 23 kinds of ARGs of β-lactamases, tetracyclines, macrolides, quinolones, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides and chloramphenicols.The results indicated that a total of 23 kinds of ARGs were detected, among them, the detection rate of aacA4 was the highest(90.43%),followed by the floR(87.23%), tetA(80.85%),qnrS(77.66%),qnrD(74.47%),tetM(71.28%),sul2(69.15%),aadA1(53.19%),bla;(45.74%),sul1(40.43%) and sul2(38.30%).The proportion of strains harboring 8 or more ARGs was 73.40%,among which the proportion of strains harboring the maximum ARGs(14.00 kinds) was 2.13%.Geographically, both the kinds of ARGs(20.00 kinds) and the mean number of ARGs per bacteria strain(11.24 kinds) in bacteria from Baoshan were significantly higher than those from Honghe, Kunming, Puer and Chuxiong.In terms of livestock and poultry, both the kinds of ARGs(22.00 kinds)and the mean number of ARGs per bacterial strain in bacteria from chicken(9.11 kinds) were significantly higher than those from pig, cattle and sheep.The results of this study showed that the ARGs,such as aacA4,floR,tetA,qnrS,qnrD,tetM,sul2,aadA1 and bla;were wide distributed in bacteria from livestock and poultry in Yunnan Province,and the distribution of ARGs was different in different regions,in different animal species,and in different bacterial species.These results provide important guidance for scientific and reasonable use of veterinary antibiotics in livestock and poultry farms in Yunnan Province.

关 键 词：耐药基因 分布 畜禽 细菌 

分 类 号：S855.1[农业科学—临床兽医学]