不同类型磷肥对土壤磷素形态和烟草生长的影响  

Effects of Different Types of Phosphorus Fertilizers on Soil Phosphorus Forms and Tobacco Growth

作　　者：吴庚福 黄振瑞 陈迪文 潘晓英 李集勤[2] 马柱文[2] 敖俊华 周文灵 袁清华[2] WU Gengfu;HUANG Zhenrui;CHEN Diwen;PAN Xiaoying;LI Jiqin;MA Zhuwen;AO Junhua;ZHOU Wenling;YUAN Qinghua(College of Resource and Environment,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,China;Crops Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangdong Provincial Engineering&Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Improvement,Guangzhou 510640,China;Institute of Nanfan&Seed Industry,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510316,China)

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院资源与环境学院,广州510225 [2]广东省农业科学院作物研究所,广东省烟草育种与综合利用工程技术研究中心,广东省农作物遗传改良重点实验室,广州510640 [3]广东省科学院南繁种业研究所,广州510316

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》2021年第6期1-7,共7页Chinese Tobacco Science

基　　金：广东省烟草专卖局科技计划项目(粤烟科项201910)。

摘　　要：为了探究不同类型磷肥对烟草生长和土壤磷素形态的影响,以烟草品种云烟87和牛肝土为试验材料,采用室内盆栽方法,设置6个处理:过磷酸钙(T1)、钙镁磷肥(T2)、聚磷酸铵(T3)、磷酸一铵(T4)、磷酸二铵(T5)以及不施磷(CK),调查分析了烟草农艺性状、土壤的Hedley分级磷及其相关性。结果表明,与不施磷相比,所有施磷土壤的Resin-P、NaHCO_(3)-Pi、NaOH-Pi、HCl-Pi和Residue-P均显著增加,而有机态磷NaOH-Po和NaHCO_(3)-Po显著减少。其中,施用钙镁磷肥和磷酸二铵的土壤有效磷含量显著高于其他处理,钙镁磷肥处理的磷活化系数最大。各处理烟草叶片总鲜质量大小表现为:T5>T2>T3>T1>T4>CK,所有施磷处理均显著高于对照。各农艺性状和生物量与Resin-P、NaHCO_(3)-Pi、全磷、有效磷均呈显著正相关,而多数农艺性状和生物量与NaHCO_(3)-Po和NaOH-Po呈显著负相关。综上所述,钙镁磷肥和磷酸二铵处理的磷活化能力较强,并且有利于烟草生长和提高烟叶产量。The effects of different phosphate fertilizers on tobacco growth and soil phosphorus(P)forms were explored.Yunyan 87 and Niugantu soil were used as experimental materials in pot experiments.Six treatments of calcium superphosphate(T1),fused calcium-magnesium phosphate(T2),Ammonium polyphosphate(T3),Monoammonium phosphate(T4),Diammonium phosphate(T5)and no phosphorus(CK)were set for investigating and analysing the agronomic characteristics of tobacco,the Hedley grade phosphorus,and the correlation between them.The results showed that Resin-P,NaHCO_(3)-Pi,NaOH-Pi,HCl-Pi and residual-P were significantly increased,while organic phosphorus NaOH-Po and NaHCO_(3)-Po were significantly decreased in all P fertilizer treatments compared with no P application.The available phosphorus content of soil treated with fused calcium-magnesium phosphate and diammonium phosphate was significantly higher than that of other treatments,and the phosphorus activation coefficient of fused calcium-magnesium phosphate was the highest.Total fresh weight of tobacco leaves in each treatment was in the following order:T5>T2>T3>T1>T4>CK.Among them,all phosphorus treatments were significantly higher than the control.Each agronomic trait was positively correlated with Resin-P,NaHCO_(3)-Pi,total phosphorus,and available phosphorus,while most agronomic traits were negatively correlated with NaHCO_(3)-Po and NaOH-Po.In summary,fused calcium-magnesium phosphate and diammonium phosphate were highly effective in Niugantu soil,which was conducive to tobacco growth,leading to higher yield.

关 键 词：烟草 磷肥 Hedley分级磷 磷形态 磷活化系数 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学] S572[农业科学—农业基础科学]