钙调磷酸酶信号调控真菌生长代谢、毒力及抗逆性能  

Calcineurin signaling cascade regulates fungal growth,metabolism, virulence and stress resistance

作　　者：冯莹莹 徐兴然[1] 邹祥[1] Yingying Feng;Xingran Xu;Xiang Zou(College of pharmaceutical Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学药学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《微生物学报》2021年第12期3844-3855,共12页Acta Microbiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31871783,31571816)。

摘　　要：钙调磷酸酶是一种丝氨酸/苏氨酸(Ser/Thr)蛋白磷酸酶,在真菌中普遍保守,上游信号途径由Ca^(2+)通道(Cch1)、转运蛋白(Mid1)、钙离子感应蛋白(CaM)、钙调蛋白依赖性磷酸酶等组成。钙调磷酸酶受钙离子和钙调蛋白调节,在调控真菌Ca^(2+)稳态的钙信号级联途径中发挥着中心作用,通过钙信号级联途径参与生物学过程,调控真菌生长、发育和毒力形成来响应外界环境因素的变化,使真菌能够适应不同环境,维持正常的生命活动。本文综述了真菌钙调磷酸酶信号的组成和上下游信号转导途径、调控细胞生长代谢、毒力形成以及抗逆性能调控的研究进展;结合对真菌代谢产物合成的调控作用,对钙调磷酸酶信号作为重要合成生物学元件及调控开关进行了展望。Calcineurin is a serine/threonine(Ser/Thr) protein phosphatase and generally conserved in fungal genus.Its upstream signaling pathway were composed of Ca^(2+) channel(CCH1), transporter(MID1), calcium ion sensing protein(CaM), calmodulin-dependent phosphatase and etc. Calcineurin is the only phosphatase in fungi that is regulated by calcium ions and calmodulin, and plays a central role in the calcium signal cascade that regulates fungal Ca^(2+) homeostasis. Through calcium signaling cascade pathway, it participates in biological processes that regulates the growth, development and virulence formation of fungi for response to changes in external environmental factors, as well as fungi can adapt to various environment and maintain normal life activities. This review summarizes the signal composition of fungal calcineurin and the upstream and downstream signal transduction pathways, as well as the regulation of cell growth and metabolism, the formation of virulence, and tolerance resistance. With the advantage of the regulation of fungal metabolite synthesis, the mining of calcium regulating phosphatase signal as a potential synthetic biological element and regulatory switch was also proposed.

关 键 词：钙调磷酸酶 真菌 生长代谢 毒力 抗逆性 元件 

分 类 号：Q935[生物学—微生物学]