梁中性轴的若干研究进展  

SOME ADVANCES IN STUDIES OF THE NEUTRAL AXIS OF BEAM

作　　者：张浩淼 任九生 张能辉 ZHANG Haomiao;REN Jiusheng;ZHANG Nenghui(School of Mechanics and Engineering Science,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,Shanghai 200444,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学力学与工程科学学院,上海200444 [2]上海市应用数学和力学研究所,上海200444 [3]上海市力学在能源工程中的应用重点实验室,上海200444

出　　处：《力学与实践》2021年第6期827-832,共6页Mechanics in Engineering

基　　金：大学生创新创业训练计划(202010280S210);国家自然科学基金(11772182,11272193,10872121)资助项目。

摘　　要：基于新材料和微梁结构的最新进展,本文对梁中性轴的概念及其定位方法进行了回顾。通过比较梁结构应变场的描述方法,展示复杂加载条件下中性轴的偏离和零应力轴的不唯一性,发现弹性均质梁的中性轴必然通过截面形心,但非线性弹性梁、双模量梁、弹塑性梁、叠合梁、层合梁等结构的中性轴可偏离截面形心。对梁中性轴问题的正确认识有助于合理而有效地解决工程中相关问题。The history for the concept of beam neutral axis and its positioning methods is reviewed on the premise of reflecting the recent progresses of new materials and microbeam structures.By comparing the description methods of strain field of beam structure,and demonstrating the deviation of the neutral axis and the non-uniqueness of zero stress axis,we reveal that the neutral axis of elastic homogeneous beam should pass through the centroid of section,however the neutral axes of non-linear elastic beam,double modulus beam,elasto-plastic beam,superposition beam and laminated beam may deviate from the centroid of section.These insights are helpful for solving the related problems in engineering reasonably and effectively with a correct understanding of the neutral axis of beams.

关 键 词：中性轴 应变场 非弹性均质梁 层合结构 微梁 

分 类 号：O341[理学—固体力学]