某高原水电站项目职业病危害调查及防控  

Investigation on occupational hazards of a hydro-power station and prevention and control countermeasures in plateau area

作　　者：李晓光 徐洋 王雪涛 李静芸 杨汉彬 LI Xiao-guang;XU yang;WANG Xue-tao;LI Jing-yun;YANG Han-bin(Department of Occupational Health Testing and Evaluation,National Center of Occupational Safety and Health,National Health Commission,Beijing 102308,China)

机构地区：[1]国家卫生健康委职业安全卫生研究中心职业卫生检测与评价室,北京102308 [2]国家卫生健康委职业安全卫生研究中心职业卫生工程室,北京102308

出　　处：《中国卫生工程学》2021年第6期918-920,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering

摘　　要：目的明确某高原水电站生产过程中可能存在的职业病危害因素,为职业病危害预防与控制提供依据。方法针对该水电站项目职业病危害采用类比法、检查表法、现场检测法和经验法对该水电站进行综合分析及评价。结果该项目存在的职业病危害因素主要为噪声、工频电场、高原低氧、一氧化碳、电焊烟尘、砂轮磨尘、其他粉尘、氮氧化物、臭氧、锰及其化合物、六氟化硫、硫化氢、氨、电焊弧光、氡等。类比企业职业病危害因素监测结果显示,噪声强度检测57个点,其中24个检测点噪声强度超过85 dB(A);对8个巡检岗位进行个体噪声检测,其中有3个岗位噪声强度超标,占40%。其余检测结果符合国家卫生接触限值要求。结论该水电站主要职业病危害因素为噪声、工频电场和高原低氧,还可能出现鼠疫和地氟病、大骨节病等地域性疾病,应加强防治工作。Objective To identify and analyze of occupational hazards in the process of hydro-power station,provide evidence for the prevention and control of occupational-disease-inductive factors.Methods Field investigation of occupational hygiene,analogy and checklist method and factor detection of occupational hazard were adopted for comprehensive identification and analysis.Results The main occupational hazard factors that existed in the hydro-power station were noise,power frequency electric field,hypobaric hypoxia,carbon monoxide,welding dust,grinding wheel dust,nitrogen oxide,ozone,manganese,sulfur hexafluoride,hydrogen sulfide,ammonia and etc.The occupational hazard factors monitoring results showed that the noise intensity were detected at 57 points,24 of which exceeded 85 dB(A).The individual noise intensity was detected at 8 inspection posts,3(40%)of which exceeded occupational exposure limit.The rest were in line with the national standards.Conclusion The main factors are noise,hypobaric hypoxia and power frequency electric field,it should be strengthened to occupational hazards control and prevention according to the critical control parts.

关 键 词：高原 水电站 职业病危害 防控对策 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]