基于DAG分布式账本的车联网信誉值模型  

Credit Value Model of Internet of Vehicles Based on DAG Distributed Ledger

作　　者：李志展 王永利 宫小泽 Li Zhizhan;Wang Yongli;Gong Xiaoze(School of Computer Science and Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210014;Troop 63863,Baicheng,Jilin 137001)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学计算机科学与工程学院,南京210014 [2]63863部队,吉林白城137001

出　　处：《信息安全研究》2022年第1期55-61,共7页Journal of Information Security Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61941113,82074580);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(30916011328,30918015103);南京市科技计划项目(201805036);国家社科基金项目(18BTQ073);信息系统工程重点实验室开放基金项目(05202004)。

摘　　要：车联网通过实现车与车、车与路边单元的互联互通,共享驾驶信息和交通消息,为司机与乘客提供一个方便、安全的驾驶环境,但是虚假消息会对驾驶安全造成威胁,车辆消息可信度问题亟待解决.针对此问题提出一种车联网信誉值模型.该模型设计了一种根据车辆消息计算车辆信誉值的方法;然后基于有向无环图的分布式账本提出了一种车辆信誉的共识机制,通过动态调整共识难度,使信誉高的车辆更容易获得记账权,从而可以保证车联网中消息的可信度.通过分析发现,该机制可有效解决车联网中车辆消息的可信度问题,并且能够抵御常见的车联网攻击,相较于传统区块链,该共识机制具有更高的共识效率和更低的能量消耗,适用于计算和存储资源受限的车联网环境.Internet of vehicles(IoV)realizes the interconnection between vehicles and vehicles and between vehicles and roadside units,by which it shares driving and traffic information and offers a convenient and safe driving environment for both drivers and passengers.However,the credibility problem of vehicle information is to be solved urgently for the false information threatens driving safety.To improve the credibility of vehicle information,this paper proposes a credit model of IoV.The model sets a method of calculating vehicles’credit according to vehicle information.Then it creates a consensus mechanism of vehicles’credit on the foundation of the DAG-based distributed ledger,It makes the high-credit vehicles get the accounting right easier by dynamically adjusting the difficulty of consensus.Finally the credibility of the information in the IoV is ensured.Through analysis,it is found that this mechanism can effectively solve the credibility problem of vehicle information and resists common attacks in the IoV.Compared with traditional blockchain,this consensus mechanism,with its higher consensus efficiency and lower energy consumption,is suitable for the IoV of limited computing and storage resources.

关 键 词：共识机制 车联网 区块链 信誉管理 有向无环图 

分 类 号：TP311.13[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]