日粮能量和蛋白质水平对生长期和田黑鸡生产性能、屠宰性能及血清生化指标的影响  

The Effects of Dietary Energy and Protein Levels on Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Hotan Black Chicken in Growth Period

作　　者：黑达西·巴哈提 胡雅丽 彭凤强 丁梦琴 黄兵 沙尔山别克·阿不地力大[1] HEIDAXI·Ba-ha-ti;HU Yali;PENG Feng-qiang;DING Mengqin;HUANG Bing;SHAERSHANBIEKE·Abudilida(College of Animal Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Kunlun Niya Ecological Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Development Co.,Ltd,Hotan 848500,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆昆仑尼雅生态农牧发展有限公司,新疆和田848500

出　　处：《家禽科学》2021年第12期5-14,共10页Poultry Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31460584);自治区畜牧业高质量发展(xjjq-z-2021-07)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同日粮能量和蛋白质水平对生长期和田黑鸡生产性能、屠宰性能及血清生化指标的影响,为和田黑鸡的科学饲养提供理论依据。试验采用二因素交叉试验设计,8~13周龄日粮能量和蛋白质水平分别为11.09、11.51、11.92 MJ/kg和16.50%、18.00%、19.50%,14~17周龄日粮能量和蛋白质水平分别为12.13、12.34、12.55 MJ/kg和14%、15%、16%。选取270只42日龄和田黑鸡,随机分为9组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只鸡,预试期7 d,正试期70 d。结果表明:1)日粮能量和蛋白质水平对8~13周龄和田黑鸡平均日采食量、半净膛率、腹脂率和血清总蛋白及血糖均有极显著(P<0.01)或显著影响(P<0.05);对屠宰率和全净膛率有极显著影响(P<0.01);对料重比、腿肌率、白蛋白和总胆固醇有显著影响(P<0.05);2)日粮能量和蛋白质水平对14~17周龄和田黑鸡料重比、屠宰率、血清总蛋白、尿酸、甘油三酯有极显著(P<0.01)或显著的影响(P<0.05);对平均日采食量和血糖具有极显著的影响(P<0.01);对日增重和半净膛率具有显著的影响(P<0.05)。综合考虑以上指标,推荐8~13周龄和田黑鸡选用能量和蛋白质水平为11.51 MJ/kg和18.00%或11.51 MJ/kg和16.50%的饲粮;14~17周龄选用能量和蛋白质水平为12.34MJ/kg和16%或12.55 MJ/kg和16%的饲粮。This experiment was to study the effects of different dietary energy and protein levels on the production performance, slaughter performance and serum biochemical indexes of Hotan black chicken in growth period, so as to provide a theoretical basis for scientific feeding.Two factor crossover design was used, The dietary energy and protein levels of 8~13 weeks old were 11.09, 11.51 and 11.92 MJ/kg and 16.50%, 18.00% and 19.50% respectively;The dietary energy and protein levels of 14~17 weeks old were 12.13, 12.34 and 12.55 MJ/kg and 14%, 15%and 16% respectively.Select 42 days old Hotan Black chickens 270, randomly divided into 9 groups each group 3 repeats,each repeats 10 chickens.The pre-test periodis 7 days and the formal test periodis 70 days. The results show that:1) Dietary energy and protein levels had significant effects on the average daily feed intake, semi clean bore rate, abdominal fat rate, total serum protein and blood glucose of Hotan black chickens aged 8~13 weeks(P<0.01) or(P<0.05);it had a extremely significant effect on slaughter rate and eviscerating percentage(P<0.01), and had a significant effect on Feed meat ratio, leg muscle rate, albumin and total cholesterol(P<0.05);2) Dietary energy and protein levels had extremely significant(P<0.01) or significant(P<0.05)effects on feed weight ratio, slaughter rate, serum total protein, uric acid and triglyceride of Hotan black chickens aged 14~17 weeks;It had a extremely significant effect on average daily feed intake and blood glucose(P<0.01), and had a significant effect on daily gain and semi net bore rate(P<0.05). Comprehensively consider the above indicators, it is recommended that Hotan black chickens aged 8~13 weeks should choose diets with energy and protein levels of 11.51 MJ/kg and 18.00% or 11.51 MJ/kg and 16.50%;diets with energy and protein levels of 12.34 MJ/kg and 16% or 12.55 MJ/kg and 16% were selected at the age of 14~17 weeks..

关 键 词：和田黑鸡 能量 蛋白质 生产性能 屠宰性能 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]