国际反恐刑事立法的中国视界:现状、问题及完善  

The current situation,problems and perfection of the criminal legislation on international counterterrorism from China’s perspective

作　　者：那斯尔江·依布拉音 热娜古·阿帕尔 NASIERJIANG Yibulayin;RENAGU Apaer(School of Law and Politics,Kashgar University,Kashgar 844000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]喀什大学法政学院,新疆喀什844000

出　　处：《河南理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第2期26-33,共8页Journal of Henan Polytechnic University:Social Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区社会科学基金项目(17BFX042)。

摘　　要：恐怖主义是人类21世纪面临的主要威胁之一,当前应对国际恐怖主义的反恐刑事立法主要由全球性公约和各类区域性组织制定的地区性公约组成。但面对国际恐怖主义的网络化等新发展趋势,国际反恐刑事立法存在着国家利益分歧造成反恐立法分化、刑事管辖权与国家主权冲突、“政治犯不引渡”原则成为恐怖分子逃避法律责任的工具等问题。基于此,首先需要在未来的反恐国际刑事立法中树立惩防结合的标本兼治观以及集体安全的新型合作观;其次则要从法律机制上完善各国反恐法律体系、解决国际反恐刑事中的普遍管辖冲突问题,并通过恐怖主义犯罪的“非政治化”突破“政治犯不引渡原则”的适用;最后还需要制度的施行赋予其生命力,即进一步深化国与国之间、国际组织之间的反对国际恐怖主义合作。Terrorism is one of the main threats that human face in the 21st century.Currently,the criminal legislation on the international counterterrorism mainly consists of global conventions and regional conventions legislated by all kinds of regional organizations.However,facing to the new trend of networking of international terrorism,the criminal legislation on international counterterrorism embraces problems that divergence of national interests results in the differentiation of counterterrorism legislation,penal jurisdiction conflicts with national sovereignty,and the principle of non-extradition of political offenders becomes the tool for terrorists to escape from legal responsibility.Thus,firstly,the view of addressing both symptoms and root causes by combining punishment and prevention and the new cooperation of collective security need to be established in the criminal legislation on international counterterrorism in the future.Then,counterterrorism legal systems should be perfected in the perspective of legal mechanism in order to deal with the conflict of universal jurisdiction in international counterterrorism,at the same time,the terrorist crime should be depoliticized to break through the application of the principle of non-extradition of political offenders.At last,vitality need to be endowed through the implementation of the system,which means to further deepen cooperation among countries and international organizations to fight against international terrorism.

关 键 词：国际恐怖主义 政治犯不引渡 普遍管辖 反恐法律体系 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]