缅甸稻飞虱的发生和防控情况  

Occurrence situation and control of rice planthoppers in Myanmar

作　　者：Khin Nyein CHAN 尹艳琼[2,3] 李向永 刘莹[2,3] 赵雪晴 谌爱东 Khin Nyein CHAN;YIN Yan-Qiong;LI Xiang-Yong;LIU Ying;ZHAO Xue-Qin;CHEN Ai-Dong(Biotechnology Research Department,Ministry of Education,Kyaukse 05151,Myanmar;Agriculture Environment and Resources Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China;Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650205,China)

机构地区：[1]缅甸教育部生物技术研究系,皎施05151 [2]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,昆明650205 [3]云南省农业跨境有害生物绿色防控重点实验室,昆明650205

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2021年第6期1417-1426,共10页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31860504,31760536);发展中国家杰出青年科学家来华工作项目(缅甸-18-006);云南省重点研发计划(2019IB007);国家重点研发计划(S2016G3202);云南省农业跨境重大有害生物协同绿色防控创新团队(2020-2022)。

摘　　要：稻飞虱是缅甸水稻种植区常见且分布广泛的一类害虫,可造成农作物不同程度的减产。稻飞虱的爆发与高产品种的大规模推广种植具有一致性,同时其种群变化也与天气条件有关。近年来,缅甸中部部分省份稻飞虱大量孳生,在一定程度上,这与氮肥施用水平有关。雨季稻飞虱种群增加,7月和8月为高峰期。在缅甸,主要通过培育抗虫、抗旱、抗逆等水稻品种来防控稻飞虱。同时用诱虫灯进行早期入侵的虫源的监测,必要时,采用化学杀虫剂防治。缅甸部分农场还采用了病虫害综合管理系统(IPM),以建立健康、安全、可调节的水稻生态系统及可持续的病虫害管理。Rice planthoppers are widely distributed pests in some rice growing areas of Myanmar.The yield reduction due to rice planthoppers became serious according to the degree of infestation.Outbreaks have coincided with the misuse of insecticides,the intensive uses of nitrogenous fertilizers and the extension of irrigation.Weather condition is also influenced on population fluctuation of rice planthopper.Recently,some provinces in middle regions of Myanmar were heavily infested with rice planthoppers and it was somehow correlated with the level of nitrogen fertilizer applied.During the rainy season,rice planthopper population was increased in rice paddy fields and the highest population was observed in July and August.For early warming and monitoring of the immigrated insect pests,light traps were used.As control strategy,pests,drought and stress tolerance resistant rice varieties were mainly cultivated in Myanmar.In order to get healthy,safe,and resilient rice ecosystem,Integrated Pest Management System(IPM)was also applied in some research farms in Myanmar.

关 键 词：稻飞虱 暴发 种群变化 防控策略 IPM 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]